National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Respiratory Health Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.
Risk Anal. 2018 Sep;38(9):1962-1971. doi: 10.1111/risa.13000. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
Given the recent increase in dust-induced lung disease among U.S. coal miners and the respiratory hazards encountered across the U.S. mining industry, it is important to enhance an understanding of lung disease trends and the organizational contexts that precede these events. In addition to exploring overall trends reported to the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), the current study uses MSHA's enforcement database to examine whether or not compliance with health regulations resulted in fewer mine-level counts of these diseases over time. The findings suggest that interstitial lung diseases were more prevalent in coal mines compared to other mining commodities, in Appalachian coal mines compared to the rest of the United States, and in underground compared to surface coal mines. Mines that followed a relevant subset of MSHA's health regulations were less likely to report a lung disease over time. The findings are discussed from a lung disease prevention strategy perspective.
鉴于美国煤矿工人中因尘肺病导致的病例最近有所增加，以及美国采矿业面临的呼吸道危害，了解肺病趋势以及导致这些事件的组织背景非常重要。除了探讨向矿山安全与健康管理局（MSHA）报告的总体趋势外，本研究还利用 MSHA 的执法数据库来研究遵守健康法规是否会随着时间的推移导致这些疾病在矿山层面的报告数量减少。研究结果表明，与其他采矿商品相比，间质性肺病在煤矿中更为普遍，与美国其他地区相比，阿巴拉契亚煤矿中更为普遍，与露天煤矿相比，地下煤矿中更为普遍。那些遵守 MSHA 相关健康法规子集的矿山，随着时间的推移，报告肺病的可能性更小。本文从肺病预防策略的角度对这些发现进行了讨论。
