Novakova Silviya M, Novakova Plamena I, Yakovliev Plamen H, Staevska Maria T, Mateva Nonka G, Dimcheva Teodora D, Peichev Jivko L
1 Allergy Unit of Internal Consulting Department, UMHAT "St. George", Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
2 Clinic of Allergy and Asthma, Sofia Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Am J Rhinol Allergy. 2018 May;32(3):147-152. doi: 10.1177/1945892418764966. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
Background Allergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disorder. Although the management of the disease is successful in many patients, based on guidelines, some of them remain with symptoms uncontrolled with pharmacotherapy. Presently, there is no substantiated information on the control of allergic rhinitis in patients who underwent sublingual immunotherapy. Objective The purpose of this prospective follow-up study was to assess the control of allergic rhinitis in adults after a three-year course of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy. Methods This prospective real-life study was designed to include adults with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis sensitized to house dust mite who underwent a three-year course of sublingual immunotherapy. Control of symptoms was assessed by Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT) after three years of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy. Additionally, patients assessed their symptoms by utilizing a visual analog scale. Results A total number of 86 consecutively enrolled patients (46 (53.49%) men; mean age 26.10 years (SD = 5.85)) with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis and clinically relevant sensitization to house dust mite were evaluated. When assessed by RCAT on the third year, 74 (86.05%) had well-controlled symptoms and 20 (27.03%) of them were completely controlled. A significant reduction in visual analog scale scores-from 7.52 cm at baseline to 2.31 cm-was established ( P < 0.0001). There was a strong negative correlation between RCAT scores and visual analog scale (r = -0.65; P < 0.01). Conclusion This study provided evidence that a three-year course of house dust mite sublingual immunotherapy appears effective in controlling the symptoms of allergic rhinitis.
变应性鼻炎是最常见的过敏性疾病。尽管根据指南，该疾病在许多患者中得到了成功治疗，但仍有一些患者的症状通过药物治疗无法得到控制。目前，关于接受舌下免疫治疗的变应性鼻炎患者病情控制情况，尚无确凿信息。
这项前瞻性随访研究的目的是评估成年患者在接受为期三年的屋尘螨舌下免疫治疗后变应性鼻炎的控制情况。
这项前瞻性现实生活研究纳入了对屋尘螨致敏的中重度变应性鼻炎成年患者，他们接受了为期三年的舌下免疫治疗。在接受屋尘螨舌下免疫治疗三年后，通过鼻炎控制评估测试（RCAT）评估症状控制情况。此外，患者使用视觉模拟量表评估自身症状。
共评估了86例连续入组的中重度变应性鼻炎患者，且对屋尘螨有临床相关致敏反应（46例（53.49%）为男性；平均年龄26.10岁（标准差=5.85））。在第三年通过RCAT评估时，74例（86.05%）患者症状得到良好控制，其中20例（27.03%）完全控制。视觉模拟量表评分从基线时的7.52 cm显著降低至2.31 cm（P < 0.0001）。RCAT评分与视觉模拟量表之间存在强负相关（r = -0.65；P < 0.01）。
本研究提供了证据，表明为期三年的屋尘螨舌下免疫治疗似乎对控制变应性鼻炎症状有效。
