明尼-洛佩特动机研究：一项旨在提高不同种族和族裔的小学学生冬季户外体育活动动机的干预措施。

The Minne-Loppet Motivation Study: An Intervention to Increase Motivation for Outdoor Winter Physical Activity in Ethnically and Racially Diverse Elementary Schools.

作者信息

Miller Jonathan M, Wolfson Julian, Laska Melissa N, Nelson Toben F, Pereira Mark A

机构信息

1 Division of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

2 Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

出版信息

Am J Health Promot. 2018 Nov;32(8):1706-1713. doi: 10.1177/0890117118768119. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

DOI:10.1177/0890117118768119

PMID:29649898

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6135702/

Abstract

PURPOSE

To test the effectiveness of an intervention to increase motivation for physical activity in racially diverse third- through fifth-grade students.

DESIGN

Natural experiment.

SETTING

Elementary schools in Minneapolis, Minnesota.

PARTICIPANTS

Two hundred ninety-one students in 18 Minne-Loppet Ski Program classes and 210 students in 12 control classrooms from the same schools.

INTERVENTION

The Minne-Loppet Ski Program, an 8-week curriculum in elementary schools that teaches healthy physical activity behaviors through cross-country skiing.

MEASURES

Pretest and posttest surveys measured self-determination theory outcomes: intrinsic exercise motivation, intrinsic ski motivation, autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

ANALYSIS

Hierarchical linear regression models tested treatment effects controlled for grade, race, sex, and baseline measures of the outcomes.

RESULTS

Minne-Loppet program students showed significantly greater motivation to ski (β = 0.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15-1.75) and significantly greater perceived competence (β = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.06-1.50) than students in control classrooms. Treatment effects for general exercise motivation and perceived competence differed by race. African American students in Minne-Loppet classes showed significantly greater general exercise motivation (β = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.03-2.14) and perceived competence (β = 1.95, 95% CI: 0.91-2.99) than African American students in control classes.

CONCLUSION

The Minne-Loppet program promoted perceived competence and motivation to ski. Future improvements to the Minne-Loppet and similar interventions should aim to build general motivation and provide support needed to better engage all participants.

摘要

目的

测试一项干预措施对提高不同种族三至五年级学生体育活动积极性的有效性。

设计

自然实验。

地点

明尼苏达州明尼阿波利斯的小学。

参与者

18个明尼洛佩特滑雪项目班级的291名学生以及来自同一学校12个对照班级的210名学生。

干预措施

明尼洛佩特滑雪项目，这是一项在小学开展的为期8周的课程，通过越野滑雪教授健康的体育活动行为。

测量方法

前测和后测调查测量自我决定理论结果：内在运动动机、内在滑雪动机、自主性、能力和关联性。

分析

分层线性回归模型测试了控制年级、种族、性别和结果基线测量值后的治疗效果。

结果

与对照班级的学生相比，明尼洛佩特项目的学生表现出显著更高的滑雪动机（β = 0.95，95%置信区间[CI]：0.15 - 1.75）和显著更高的感知能力（β = 0.78，95% CI：0.06 - 1.50）。一般运动动机和感知能力的治疗效果因种族而异。明尼洛佩特班级中的非裔美国学生比对照班级中的非裔美国学生表现出显著更高的一般运动动机（β = 1.08，95% CI：0.03 - 2.14）和感知能力（β = 1.95，95% CI：0.91 - 2.99）。