Department of Psychological Science, ELABN 361, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2019 Feb;47(2):287-298. doi: 10.1007/s10802-018-0431-9.
Among the 90% of adolescents involved in juvenile justice who have experienced traumatic victimization, a sub-group may be at highest risk due to histories of multiple types of interpersonal and non-interpersonal trauma, termed polyvictims. Latent class analyses (LCA) have identified polyvictimized subgroups in several studies of adolescents and adults, but only one study of traumatic victimization has been conducted with justice-involved youth (Ford et al. 2013). The current investigation replicates and extends that study's findings using LCA to assess a wider range of victimization- and nonvictimization-related adversities and emotion dysregulation, DSM-5 symptom clusters of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and behavioral health problems, such as substance use, anger, depression, somatic complaints, and suicide ideation. In a sample of juvenile detainees three latent classes were identified: mixed adversity (MA; n = 327), violent environment (VE; n = 337), and polyvictimization (PV; n = 145). In contrast to MA youth, PV youth were more likely to report exposure to all forms of adversity, and in contrast to both MA and VE youth, exposure to maltreatment and family violence, and higher levels of emotion dysregulation, PTSD, and depression/anxiety symptoms, somatic complaints, and suicidality. VE youth (vs. MA youth) were more likely to report exposure to violence and non-interpersonal traumas, and were higher on some forms of emotion dysregulation, PTSD symptoms, anger and substance use. Findings suggest that most justice-involved youth have experienced substantial adversity, with almost one in five identified as a polyvictim having experienced multiple adversities, including impaired caregivers, and evidencing the most severe problems in emotion dysregulation and PTSD, internalizing, and externalizing symptoms.
在 90%涉及少年司法的青少年中，有一部分经历过创伤性受害，由于经历过多种人际和非人际创伤，这一亚组可能处于最高风险之中，被称为多受害者。潜在类别分析（LCA）在几项青少年和成年人的研究中已经确定了多受害者亚组，但只有一项涉及创伤性受害的研究是针对涉及司法的青年进行的（Ford 等人，2013 年）。本研究使用 LCA 复制并扩展了该研究的发现，以评估更广泛的受害和非受害相关逆境和情绪失调、DSM-5 创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状群以及行为健康问题，如物质使用、愤怒、抑郁、躯体抱怨和自杀意念。在少年被拘留者样本中，确定了三个潜在类别：混合逆境（MA；n=327）、暴力环境（VE；n=337）和多受害者（PV；n=145）。与 MA 青年相比，PV 青年更有可能报告接触所有形式的逆境，与 MA 和 VE 青年相比，他们更有可能接触虐待和家庭暴力，以及更高水平的情绪失调、PTSD 和抑郁/焦虑症状、躯体抱怨和自杀意念。VE 青年（与 MA 青年相比）更有可能报告接触暴力和非人际创伤，在某些形式的情绪失调、PTSD 症状、愤怒和物质使用方面得分更高。研究结果表明，大多数涉及司法的青年都经历了相当多的逆境，近五分之一的人被确定为多受害者，他们经历了多种逆境，包括有缺陷的照顾者，并表现出最严重的情绪失调和 PTSD、内化和外化症状问题。
