Englisch L M, Rott P, Lüpke M, Seifert H, Staszyk C
Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
TransMIT Project Division for Veterinary Anatomy in Digital 3D-Models, Giessen, Germany.
Equine Vet J. 2018 Nov;50(6):854-860. doi: 10.1111/evj.12841. Epub 2018 May 7.
Equine incisors are often reduced in height during corrective dental procedures. Increased knowledge of subocclusal dentine thickness and pulp morphology may help prevent iatrogenic pulpar exposure. Although such data exist for equine cheek teeth, there are currently no reliable data for incisors.
To measure the distances between pulp cavities and the occlusal as well as the labial surfaces of equine incisors and to test if these distances change with age. Furthermore, pulp morphology with regard to number and orientation of pulp horns was investigated.
Observational study using cadaver material and high-resolution computed tomography.
Upper and lower incisor arcades were removed from heads of 13 horses and scanned with high-resolution computed tomography. 3D Models were reconstructed and configuration as well as number of the pulp horns was evaluated. Anatomical marker points were set to measure distances between the pulp horn tips and the labial and occlusal surfaces.
Subocclusal dentine thickness ranged between 1.5 and 11.7 mm in upper and 0.7 and 6.7 mm in lower incisors. It decreased with tooth age. Distance to labial aspect ranged between 3.5 and 9.0 mm in upper and 3.8 and 8.1 mm in lower incisors and increased with tooth age.
Details of horse management, feeding and previous dental care were not available. Therefore, it remains unknown how these factors influenced the results.
Although mean subocclusal dentine thickness of greater than 4.1 mm was found, equine incisors occasionally have less than 1 mm of thickness with potential for iatrogenic pulpar exposure during incisor reduction. Therefore, great care should be exercised by any practitioner during incisor reduction.
马的切齿在矫正牙科手术过程中高度常降低。对咬合面下牙本质厚度和牙髓形态的更多了解可能有助于预防医源性牙髓暴露。尽管马的颊齿已有此类数据，但目前切齿尚无可靠数据。
测量马切齿牙髓腔与咬合面以及唇面之间的距离，并测试这些距离是否随年龄变化。此外，还研究了牙髓角数量和方向方面的牙髓形态。
使用尸体材料和高分辨率计算机断层扫描的观察性研究。
从13匹马的头部取下上下切齿牙弓，用高分辨率计算机断层扫描进行扫描。重建三维模型，评估牙髓角的形态和数量。设置解剖标志点以测量牙髓角尖端与唇面和咬合面之间的距离。
上颌切齿咬合面下牙本质厚度在1.5至11.7毫米之间，下颌切齿在0.7至6.7毫米之间。它随牙齿年龄增加而减小。到唇面的距离上颌切齿在3.5至9.0毫米之间，下颌切齿在3.8至8.1毫米之间，并随牙齿年龄增加而增加。
没有马的管理、饲养和先前牙科护理的详细信息。因此，这些因素如何影响结果尚不清楚。
尽管发现平均咬合面下牙本质厚度大于4.1毫米，但马的切齿偶尔厚度小于1毫米，在切齿降低过程中存在医源性牙髓暴露的可能性。因此，任何从业者在进行切齿降低操作时都应格外小心。
