Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Chemosphere. 2018 Aug;204:119-129. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.137. Epub 2018 Mar 21.
The treatment of high-strength anaerobic digester effluent in laboratory-scale trickling filters for nitrification and then anaerobic filters for denitrification is reported. Five media types were investigated in the trickling filters: biochar, granular activated carbon (GAC), zeolite, Pall rings, and gravel. Three media were tested in five denitrifying filters: sand (S), bamboo wood chips (B), eucalyptus wood chips (E), bamboo with sand (B+S), and eucalyptus with sand (E+S). The different wood chips served as a supplemental electron donor for denitrification. From six months of operation, biochar, GAC, zeolite, Pall rings, and gravel media had turbidity (NTU) removal efficiencies of 90, 91, 77, 74, and 74%, respectively, and ammonia removal efficiencies of 83, 87, 85, 30, and 80%, respectively, which was primarily by nitrification to nitrate. For the anaerobic filters, S, B, B+S, E, and E+S had nitrate removal efficiencies of 30, 66, 53, 35, and 35%, and turbidity removal efficiencies of 88, 89, 84, 89, and 88%, respectively. Biochar and bamboo were selected as the best combination of media for trickling filter and anaerobic filter sequential treatment. Based on an average initial influent of 600 mg NH-N L, 50 mg NO-N L, and 980 NTU, the biochar filter's effluent would be 97 mg NH-N L, 475 mg NO-N L, and 120 NTU. The bamboo filter's final effluent would be 82 mg NH-N L, 157 mg NO-N L, and 13 NTU, which corresponds to 63% removal of total N and 99% removal of turbidity. These filter media thus present a simple option for sustainable post-treatment for nitrogen management and effluent polishing in low-resources settings.
本文报道了在实验室规模的滴滤池内进行硝化作用（使用生物炭、颗粒活性炭（GAC）、沸石、鲍尔环和砾石等五种介质）和随后在厌氧滤池内进行反硝化作用（使用沙（S）、竹木屑（B）、桉木木屑（E）、沙与竹木屑混合物（B+S）和沙与桉木木屑混合物（E+S）等三种介质）来处理高强度厌氧消化器出水。从六个月的运行情况来看，生物炭、GAC、沸石、鲍尔环和砾石的浊度（NTU）去除效率分别为 90%、91%、77%、74%和 74%，氨氮去除效率分别为 83%、87%、85%、30%和 80%，主要通过硝化作用转化为硝酸盐。对于厌氧滤池，S、B、B+S、E 和 E+S 的硝酸盐去除效率分别为 30%、66%、53%、35%和 35%，浊度去除效率分别为 88%、89%、84%、89%和 88%。生物炭和竹子被选为滴滤池和厌氧滤池序批式处理的最佳组合介质。基于平均初始进水 600 mg NH-N L、50 mg NO-N L 和 980 NTU，生物炭滤池的出水将为 97 mg NH-N L、475 mg NO-N L 和 120 NTU。竹子滤池的最终出水将为 82 mg NH-N L、157 mg NO-N L 和 13 NTU，对应总氮去除率为 63%，浊度去除率为 99%。这些滤料为低资源环境下氮素管理和出水深度处理提供了一种可持续的后处理简单选择。
