Wroclaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Section of Waste Technology and Land Remediation, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego St, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
Waste Manag. 2018 Jul;77:213-219. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.046. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
The utilization of the stream of waste secondary nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) and lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells, representing annually about 33% of all consumer batteries and accumulators placed on the Polish market, will soon become a big challenge for both legislators and plants dealing with the recycling of this type of hazardous waste. It is due to the fact that no company in Poland operating on the market has a complete technology for the processing of a full stream of waste chemical energy sources produced in this country. Until now, the most commonly used techniques of processing this type of waste were pyrometallurgical process. In this paper, the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the stream of waste batteries and accumulators collected at separate collection points are presented. The results of metal recovery: caesium, lanthanum, cobalt, iron, manganese, nickel and zinc from the stream of waste Ni-MH cells, type R6 (AA), using hydrometallurgical methods are also offered. The paper demonstrates that one-stage leaching at an initial temperature of 25.0 °C, with 3 M HSO and at the solid to liquid ratio of s/l = 1/10, within 75 min, at a mixing speed of 500 rpm and in a strongly acidic environment should be adopted as optimal parameters for acid leaching of the paramagnetic fraction created after mechanical machining of Ni-MH battery, for which the leaching rates of individual metals were as follows: Ce - 97.7%, La - 88.7%, Co - 79.4%, Fe - 68.5%, Mn - 91.9%, Ni - 66.2% and Zn - 100%.
废弃的镍氢（Ni-MH）和锂离子（Li-ion）电池的利用，每年约占波兰市场上所有消费电池和蓄电池的 33%，这将很快成为立法者和处理这种危险废物回收的工厂的一大挑战。这是因为波兰市场上没有一家运营的公司拥有完整的技术来处理本国生产的化学能源废物的全部流。到目前为止，处理这种废物最常用的技术是火法冶金工艺。本文介绍了在单独收集点收集的废电池和蓄电池的流量的定量和定性特征。还提供了使用湿法冶金方法从 R6（AA）型废 Ni-MH 电池流中回收金属：铯、镧、钴、铁、锰、镍和锌的结果。本文表明，在 25.0°C 的初始温度下，采用 3M HSO 和固液比 s/l=1/10，在 75 分钟内，以 500rpm 的混合速度和强酸性环境下进行一级浸出，应作为机械加工后形成的顺磁部分酸浸的最佳参数，对于 Ni-MH 电池，对于该部分，个别金属的浸出率如下：Ce-97.7%，La-88.7%，Co-79.4%，Fe-68.5%，Mn-91.9%，Ni-66.2%和 Zn-100%。
