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寄生蜂共生菌影响植食性动物介导的物种间相互作用。

Parasitic wasp-associated symbiont affects plant-mediated species interactions between herbivores.

机构信息

Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Ecol Lett. 2018 Jul;21(7):957-967. doi: 10.1111/ele.12952. Epub 2018 Apr 15.

Abstract

Microbial mutualistic symbiosis is increasingly recognised as a hidden driving force in the ecology of plant-insect interactions. Although plant-associated and herbivore-associated symbionts clearly affect interactions between plants and herbivores, the effects of symbionts associated with higher trophic levels has been largely overlooked. At the third-trophic level, parasitic wasps are a common group of insects that can inject symbiotic viruses (polydnaviruses) and venom into their herbivorous hosts to support parasitoid offspring development. Here, we show that such third-trophic level symbionts act in combination with venom to affect plant-mediated interactions by reducing colonisation of subsequent herbivore species. This ecological effect correlated with changes induced by polydnaviruses and venom in caterpillar salivary glands and in plant defence responses to herbivory. Because thousands of parasitoid species are associated with mutualistic symbiotic viruses in an intimate, specific relationship, our findings may represent a novel and widespread ecological phenomenon in plant-insect interactions.

摘要

微生物互利共生关系正日益被视为植物-昆虫相互作用生态中的一种隐性驱动力。尽管与植物相关和与植食性昆虫相关的共生体显然会影响植物和植食性昆虫之间的相互作用,但与更高营养级别的共生体的影响在很大程度上被忽视了。在第三营养级,寄生蜂是一类常见的昆虫,它们可以向其植食性宿主注射共生病毒(多粒病毒)和毒液,以支持寄生蜂后代的发育。在这里,我们表明,这种第三营养级别的共生体与毒液一起作用,通过减少后续植食性物种的定殖来影响植物介导的相互作用。这种生态效应与多粒病毒和毒液在毛虫唾液腺中诱导的变化以及植物对植食性的防御反应相关。由于数以千计的寄生蜂物种与互利共生的病毒有着密切而特定的关系,我们的发现可能代表了植物-昆虫相互作用中一种新的、广泛存在的生态现象。

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