Zhang Rong, Dong Wen-Bin
Department of Neonatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2018 Apr;20(4):332-337. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.04.015.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in the neonatal intensive care unit that causes a high mortality of preterm infants and various chronic kidney diseases in adulthood. Preterm infants have immature development of the kidneys at birth. The kidneys continue to develop within a specific time window after birth. However, due to various factors during pregnancy and after birth, preterm infants tend to develop AKI. At present, serum creatinine and urine volume are used for the assessment of kidney injury, and their early sensitivity and specificity have attracted increasing attention. In recent years, various new biomarkers have been identified for early recognition of AKI. This article reviews the features, risk factors, renal function assessment, and prevention/treatment of AKI of preterm infants, in order to provide a reference for improving early diagnosis and treatment of AKI in preterm infants and long-term quality of life.
急性肾损伤（AKI）是新生儿重症监护病房的常见并发症，可导致早产儿高死亡率及成年后多种慢性肾脏疾病。早产儿出生时肾脏发育不成熟。出生后肾脏在特定时间窗内持续发育。然而，由于孕期及出生后的各种因素，早产儿易发生AKI。目前，血清肌酐和尿量用于评估肾损伤，其早期敏感性和特异性已受到越来越多的关注。近年来，已发现多种新的生物标志物用于AKI的早期识别。本文综述了早产儿AKI的特点、危险因素、肾功能评估及预防/治疗，以期为改善早产儿AKI的早期诊断和治疗及长期生活质量提供参考。
