Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Otol Neurotol. 2018 Jun;39(5):e301-e306. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000001808.
Sensorineural hearing loss is a common sequela of bacterial meningitis. The objective of this study is to delineate the incidence and course of hearing loss after bacterial meningitis.
Retrospective cohort study.
Tertiary referral center.
Data of 655 patients who suffered from bacterial meningitis between 1985 and 2015 were analyzed.
None.
Availability of audiometric data, incidence of hearing loss, and onset and course of hearing loss.
In this cohort the incidence of hearing loss (>25 dB) was 28% (95% confidence interval 23-34%). The incidence of profound hearing loss (>80 dB) was 13% (95% confidence interval 10-18%). Normal hearing at the first assessment after treatment for meningitis remained stable over time in all these patients. In 19 of the 28 patients with diagnosed hearing loss, the hearing level remained stable over time. Hearing improved in six patients and deteriorated in two patients. One patient showed a fluctuating unilateral hearing loss.
Audiological tests in patients with bacterial meningitis, especially children, should be started as soon as possible after the acute phase is over. As we found no deterioration of initial normal hearing after bacterial meningitis, repeated audiometry seems indicated only for those with diagnosed hearing loss at first assessment.
感音神经性听力损失是细菌性脑膜炎的常见后遗症。本研究旨在阐明细菌性脑膜炎后听力损失的发生率和病程。
回顾性队列研究。
三级转诊中心。
分析了 1985 年至 2015 年间患有细菌性脑膜炎的 655 名患者的数据。
无。
听力数据的可用性、听力损失的发生率、听力损失的发生和病程。
在本队列中，听力损失（>25dB）的发生率为 28%（95%置信区间 23-34%）。重度听力损失（>80dB）的发生率为 13%（95%置信区间 10-18%）。所有这些患者在脑膜炎治疗后首次评估时的正常听力在随访期间保持稳定。在 28 名诊断为听力损失的患者中，有 19 名患者的听力水平随时间保持稳定。6 名患者的听力有所改善，2 名患者的听力有所恶化。1 名患者出现单侧听力波动。
细菌性脑膜炎患者，尤其是儿童，应在急性阶段过后尽快进行听力学检查。由于我们发现细菌性脑膜炎后初始正常听力无恶化，因此似乎仅对首次评估时诊断为听力损失的患者进行重复听力测试是合理的。
