Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India.
Department of Microbiology, Assam University, Silchar, 788011, India.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Jul 1;217:858-870. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.022. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
Microbial communities are an essential part of plant rhizosphere and participate in the functioning of plants, including rhizoremediation of petroleum contaminants. Rhizoremediation is a promising technology for removal of polyaromatic hydrocarbons based on interactions between plants and microbiome in the rhizosphere. Root exudation in the rhizosphere provides better nutrient uptake for rhizosphere microbiome, and therefore it is considered to be one of the major factors of microbial community function in the rhizosphere that plays a key role in the enhanced PAH biodegradation. Although the importance of the rhizosphere microbiome for plant growth has been widely recognized, the interactions between microbiome and plant roots in the process of rhizosphere mediated remediation of PAH still needs attention. Most of the current researches target PAH degradation by plant or single microorganism, separately, whereas the interactions between plants and whole microbiome are overlooked and its role has been ignored. This review summarizes recent knowledge of PAH degradation in the rhizosphere in the process of plant-microbiome interactions based on emerging omics approaches such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics and metaproteomics. These omics approaches with combinations to bioinformatics tools provide us a better understanding in integrated activity patterns between plants and rhizosphere microbes, and insight into the biochemical and molecular modification of the meta-organisms (plant-microbiome) to maximize rhizoremediation activity. Moreover, a better understanding of the interactions could lead to the development of techniques to engineer rhizosphere microbiome for better hydrocarbon degradation.
微生物群落是植物根际的重要组成部分，参与植物的功能，包括石油污染物的根际修复。根际修复是一种基于植物与根际微生物互作去除多环芳烃的有前景的技术。根际中植物的根分泌作用为根际微生物提供了更好的养分吸收，因此被认为是根际微生物群落功能的主要因素之一，在增强多环芳烃生物降解中发挥着关键作用。尽管根际微生物群落对植物生长的重要性已得到广泛认可，但在根际介导的多环芳烃修复过程中，微生物群落与植物根系之间的相互作用仍需要关注。目前大多数研究都针对植物或单一微生物单独进行多环芳烃的降解，而忽视了植物与整个微生物群落之间的相互作用及其作用。本综述总结了基于新兴组学方法（如宏基因组学、宏转录组学、代谢组学和宏蛋白质组学）的植物-微生物组相互作用过程中根际多环芳烃降解的最新知识。这些组学方法与生物信息学工具的结合，使我们更好地了解植物和根际微生物之间的综合活性模式，并深入了解元生物体（植物-微生物组）的生化和分子修饰，以最大限度地提高根际修复活性。此外，更好地了解相互作用可以导致开发用于更好地降解碳氢化合物的根际微生物组工程技术。
