University of Queensland.
University of Michigan.
Child Dev. 2019 Nov;90(6):1917-1934. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13064. Epub 2018 Apr 16.
Longitudinal tracking of 107 three- to-thirteen-year-olds in a cross-sequential design showed a 6-step theory of mind (ToM) sequence identified by a few past cross-sectional studies validly depicted longitudinal ToM development from early to middle childhood for typically developing (TD) children and those with ToM delays owing to deafness or autism. Substantively, all groups showed ToM progress throughout middle childhood. Atypical development was more extended and began and ended at lower levels than for TD children. Yet most children in all groups progressed over the study's mean 1.5 years. Findings help resolve theoretical debates about ToM development for children with and without delay and gain strength and weight via their applicability to three disparate groups varying in ToM timing and sequencing.
一项横断序列设计对 107 名 3 至 13 岁儿童进行的纵向追踪研究表明，少数过去的横断面研究确定的 6 步心理理论（ToM）序列，有效地描绘了正常发育儿童和因耳聋或自闭症而存在 ToM 延迟儿童从中期到后期的 ToM 发展过程。从实质上讲，所有群体在整个中期儿童期都表现出 ToM 进展。非典型发展更为广泛，开始和结束的水平都低于正常发育儿童。然而，所有群体中的大多数儿童在研究的平均 1.5 年期间都取得了进展。这些发现有助于解决有关具有和不具有延迟的儿童的 ToM 发展的理论争论，并通过将其应用于在 ToM 时间和顺序上存在差异的三个不同群体，增强了其适用性和说服力。
