Detterman D K, Spry K M
Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 1988 Mar;117(1):91-5. doi: 10.1037//0096-3445.117.1.91.
Ceci and Liker (1986b) presented data that they contended shows two things: (a) Handicapping harness races is a cognitively complex undertaking that can be captured by a multiple regression model, and (b) neither overall skill at handicapping nor the complexity of the mental model used is related to standard measures of intelligence. The first contention is not at issue. But the second contention, that handicapping performance is unrelated to IQ, is not supported by the data presented; in fact, the opposite conclusion seems more likely. The purpose of this comment is to point out errors frequently made in individual-differences research concerning population definition, sample selection, dependent and independent variable reliability and validity and interpretation of results.
塞西和利克（1986年b）展示的数据表明了两件事：（a）对赛犬比赛进行预测是一项认知复杂的任务，可以用多元回归模型来描述；（b）预测的总体技能和所使用心理模型的复杂性都与智力的标准测量无关。第一个论点没有争议。但第二个论点，即预测表现与智商无关，在所呈现的数据中并未得到支持；事实上，相反的结论似乎更有可能。本评论的目的是指出在个体差异研究中，关于总体定义、样本选择、自变量和因变量的可靠性与有效性以及结果解释等方面经常出现的错误。
