Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Disease, School of Public Health , Soochow University , 199 Renai Road , Suzhou , Jiangsu 215123 , People's Republic of China.
Human Nutrition and Health , DSM Nutritional Products , 1-3 Xinyuan South Road , Beijing 100027 , People's Republic of China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 May 16;66(19):4827-4834. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00380. Epub 2018 May 7.
Cereal fiber is associated with decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, whether cereal fiber modulates inflammatory response and improves atherosclerosis remains unclear. This study evaluated the anti-atherosclerotic effect of cereal fibers from oat or wheat bran and explored the potential anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Male ApoE mice were given a high-fat/cholesterol (HFC) diet or a HFC diet supplemented with 0.8% oat fiber or wheat bran fiber. After 18 weeks of the feeding period, serum lipids and inflammatory cytokines were measured. The relative protein levels of the nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) were determined by the western blot method in aorta tissues. Pathologically, oat fiber and wheat fiber significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaques by 43.3 and 27.1%, respectively. Biochemically, cereal fiber markedly decreased the protein levels of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in aortic tissues. The expression of NF-κB was similarly inhibited by both cereal fibers. In comparison to wheat bran fiber, oat fiber had greater effects in reducing the plague size and inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathways. Such differences might come from modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway because the expressions of the cleavage of caspase-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β were inhibited only by oat fiber. The present study demonstrates that cereal fibers can attenuate inflammatory response and atherosclerosis in ApoE mice. Such effects are pronounced with oat fiber and likely mediated by specific inhibition of oat fiber on the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.
谷物纤维与降低心血管疾病风险有关。然而，谷物纤维是否调节炎症反应并改善动脉粥样硬化尚不清楚。本研究评估了燕麦或麦麸谷物纤维的抗动脉粥样硬化作用，并探讨了其潜在的抗炎机制。雄性 ApoE 小鼠给予高脂肪/胆固醇（HFC）饮食或补充 0.8%燕麦纤维或麦麸纤维的 HFC 饮食。喂养 18 周后，测量血清脂质和炎症细胞因子。通过 Western blot 法测定主动脉组织中 NOD 样受体家族含 pyrin 结构域蛋白 3（NLRP3）炎症小体途径和核因子κB（NF-κB）的相对蛋白水平。病理学上，燕麦纤维和麦麸纤维分别使动脉粥样硬化斑块减少了 43.3%和 27.1%。生物化学上，谷物纤维显著降低了主动脉组织中髓样分化因子 88（MyD88）和 Toll 样受体 4（TLR4）的蛋白水平。两种谷物纤维均相似地抑制 NF-κB 的表达。与麦麸纤维相比，燕麦纤维在减小斑块大小和抑制 TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB 途径方面的作用更大。这种差异可能来自于 NLRP3 炎症小体途径的调节，因为只有燕麦纤维能抑制半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-1 和白细胞介素（IL）-1β的切割表达。本研究表明，谷物纤维可减弱 ApoE 小鼠的炎症反应和动脉粥样硬化。燕麦纤维的作用更为明显，可能是通过对 NLRP3 炎症小体途径的特异性抑制介导的。
