Xu Joshua, Hardy Louise L, Guo Cici Z, Garnett Sarah P
Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Prevention Research Collaboration, Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2018 Aug;54(8):907-912. doi: 10.1111/jpc.13922. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
Children with obesity have a greater risk of adverse social and physical health outcomes. We examined temporal changes in body mass index (BMI) z-scores and the prevalence obesity and morbid obesity in children from 1985 to 2014.
Secondary data analysis of BMI data for children aged 7-15 years from five cross-sectional Australian datasets. Changes in age- and gender-adjusted BMI (BMI z-scores) and nutritional status were categorised using the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points.
The percentage of children who were obese tripled between 1985 and 1995 from 1.6 to 4.7%, before plateauing between 1995 and 2014. The percentage of morbidly obese children was <1% in 1985 and 1995, increasing to 2% between 1995 and 2007, with no further increase between 2007 and 2014. The proportion of obese children classified as morbidly obese was 12% in 1985-1995, 24% in 2007-2012 and 28% in 2014. Between 1985 and 2012, the mean BMI z-score increased in children categorised as obese from 1.94 (standard deviation 0.15) to 2.03 (0.22), and then plateaued. For morbidly obese children, the mean BMI z-score was 2.4 (0.13) and remained similar over the study period.
Our findings suggest that the relative fatness of children with morbid obesity, as measured by BMI z-score, has remained stable. The proportion of obese and morbidly obese children has also plateaued between 2007 and 2014. However, the prevalence of obesity remains high, and more dedicated resources are required to treat children with obesity to reduce the short- and long-term health impact.
肥胖儿童出现不良社会和身体健康后果的风险更高。我们研究了1985年至2014年期间儿童体重指数（BMI）z评分以及肥胖和病态肥胖患病率的时间变化。
对来自澳大利亚五个横断面数据集的7至15岁儿童的BMI数据进行二次数据分析。年龄和性别调整后的BMI（BMI z评分）和营养状况的变化使用国际肥胖特别工作组的切点进行分类。
1985年至1995年间，肥胖儿童的比例从1.6%增至4.7%，增长了两倍，随后在1995年至2014年间趋于平稳。1985年和1995年，病态肥胖儿童的比例<1%，1995年至2007年间增至2%，2007年至2014年间没有进一步增加。1985 - 1995年，被归类为病态肥胖的肥胖儿童比例为12%，2007 - 2012年为24%，2014年为28%。1985年至2012年间，被归类为肥胖的儿童的平均BMI z评分从1.94（标准差0.15）增至2.03（0.22），随后趋于平稳。对于病态肥胖儿童，平均BMI z评分为2.4（0.13），在研究期间保持相似。
我们的研究结果表明，以BMI z评分衡量，病态肥胖儿童的相对肥胖程度保持稳定。肥胖和病态肥胖儿童的比例在2007年至2014年间也趋于平稳。然而，肥胖患病率仍然很高，需要更多专门资源来治疗肥胖儿童，以减少对其短期和长期健康的影响。
