School of Nursing, University of Maryland, Baltimore.
State University of New York, Fredonia & WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition.
Gerontologist. 2019 Sep 17;59(5):964-972. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnx150.
Most research on human-animal interaction (HAI) and human health focuses on one of three perspectives: (a) health effects of pet ownership; (b) health effects of contact with a companion animal; or (c) health effects of animal-assisted interventions including animal-assisted therapies, and animal-assisted activities.
We reviewed research methods used to address each perspective, within the context of human aging, and identified challenges associated with these methods.
The complex challenges involved in designing studies to address all three perspectives and examples of research design elements that can be used to alleviate issues raised in each type of study are provided.
We suggest emerging methodologies that may be helpful for answering important questions from all three perspectives about the relationship of HAI to health outcomes for older adults.
大多数关于人与动物互动（HAI）和人类健康的研究都集中在三个视角之一：（a）宠物拥有的健康影响；（b）与伴侣动物接触的健康影响；或（c）动物辅助干预的健康影响，包括动物辅助治疗和动物辅助活动。
我们回顾了在人类老龄化背景下，用于解决每个视角的研究方法，并确定了这些方法所面临的挑战。
提供了设计研究以解决所有三个视角的复杂挑战，以及可用于缓解每种类型研究中提出的问题的研究设计元素的示例。
我们提出了一些新兴的方法，这些方法可能有助于从人与动物互动对老年人健康结果的所有三个视角回答重要问题。
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