测试一种识别美国护士自杀发生率的策略。
Testing a Strategy to Identify Incidence of Nurse Suicide in the United States.
作者信息
Davidson Judy E, Stuck Amy R, Zisook Sidney, Proudfoot James
机构信息
Author Affiliations: Evidence-based Practice/Research Nurse Liaison (Dr Davidson), University of California San Diego Health; Postdoctoral Fellow and Program Manager (Dr Stuck), University of California San Diego Health; Program Manager, West Health Institute, San Diego, California; Professor of Psychiatry (Dr Zisook), University of California, San Diego; and Staff Physician, Veterans Administration San Diego Health Care System, California; Senior Statistician (Dr Proudfoot), Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute, University of California San Diego.
出版信息
J Nurs Adm. 2018 May;48(5):259-265. doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000610.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to test a strategy for quantifying incidence of nurse suicide using San Diego County data as a pilot for national investigation.
BACKGROUND
Worldwide, 1 person dies by suicide every 40 seconds; more than 1 000 000 suicides occur yearly. Suicide rates for nurses in the United States have not been evaluated. This methodological article tested a strategy to identify incidence of nurse suicide compared with those of physicians and the general public.
METHOD
Deidentified San Diego County Medical Examiner data from 2005 to 2015 were analyzed with a descriptive epidemiologic approach.
RESULTS
Overall RN (18.51) and physician (40.72) incidences of suicide per 100 000 person-years were higher than the San Diego general population, excluding nurses (15.81) normalized to 100 000 person-years.
CONCLUSIONS
Establishing incidence of nurse suicide is confounded by variation in reporting mechanisms plus incomplete availability of nurse gender data. Relatively small outcome numbers compared with the general population may underestimate results. Research using a larger sample is indicated. Nurse executives may decrease risk by proactively addressing workplace stressors.
目的
本研究旨在测试一种利用圣地亚哥县数据来量化护士自杀发生率的策略，以此作为全国性调查的试点。
背景
在全球范围内，每40秒就有1人死于自杀；每年有超过100万人自杀。美国护士的自杀率尚未得到评估。这篇方法学文章测试了一种识别护士自杀发生率并与医生及普通公众自杀发生率进行比较的策略。
方法
采用描述性流行病学方法分析了2005年至2015年圣地亚哥县法医处去除身份信息的数据。
结果
每10万人年的注册护士（18.51）和医生（40.72）自杀发生率高于圣地亚哥普通人群（不包括护士，经标准化至每10万人年为15.81）。
结论
护士自杀发生率的确定受到报告机制差异以及护士性别数据不完全可得性的影响。与普通人群相比，结果数量相对较少可能会低估结果。表明需要使用更大样本进行研究。护士管理人员可通过积极应对工作场所压力源来降低风险。
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