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北方温带和北方森林的响应多样性、功能冗余和伐后生产力。

Response diversity, functional redundancy, and post-logging productivity in northern temperate and boreal forests.

机构信息

Centre d'Étude de la Forêt and Faculté de foresterie, de géographie et de géomatique, Laval University, 2405 rue de la Terrasse, Québec, Quebec, G1V 0A6, Canada.

Direction de la recherche forestière, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, 2700, rue Einstein, Québec, Quebec, G1P 3W8, Canada.

出版信息

Ecol Appl. 2018 Jul;28(5):1282-1291. doi: 10.1002/eap.1727. Epub 2018 May 22.

Abstract

The development of efficient ecosystem resilience indicators was identified as one of the key research priorities in the improvement of existing sustainable forest management frameworks. Two indicators of tree diversity associated with ecosystem functioning have recently received particular attention in the literature: functional redundancy (FR) and response diversity (RD). We examined how these indicators could be used to predict post-logging productivity in forests of Québec, Canada. We analysed the relationships between pre-logging FR and RD, as measured with sample plots, and post-logging productivity, measured as seasonal variation in enhanced vegetation index obtained from MODIS satellite imagery. The effects of the deciduous and coniferous tree components in our pre-disturbance diversity assessments were isolated in order to examine the hypothesis that they have different impacts on post-disturbance productivity. We also examined the role of tree species richness and species identity effects. Our analysis revealed the complementary nature of traditional biodiversity indicators and trait-based approaches in the study of biodiversity-ecosystem-functioning relationships in dynamic ecosystems. We report a significant and positive relationship between pre-disturbance deciduous RD and post-disturbance productivity, as well as an unexpected significant negative effect of coniferous RD on productivity. This negative relationship with post-logging productivity likely results from slower coniferous regeneration speeds and from the relatively short temporal scale examined. Negative black-spruce-mediated identity effects were likely associated with increased stand vulnerability to paludification and invasion by ericaceous shrubs that slow down forest regeneration. Response diversity outperformed functional redundancy as a measure of post-disturbance productivity most likely due to the stand-replacing nature of the disturbance considered. To the best of our knowledge, this is among the first studies to report a negative significant relationship between a component of RD and ecosystem functioning, namely coniferous RD and forest ecosystem productivity after a stand-replacing disturbance.

摘要

高效生态系统恢复力指标的开发被确定为改进现有可持续森林管理框架的关键研究重点之一。最近,与生态系统功能相关的两种树木多样性指标在文献中受到特别关注:功能冗余(FR)和响应多样性(RD)。我们研究了这些指标如何用于预测加拿大魁北克森林的采伐后生产力。我们分析了与采伐前 FR 和 RD 相关的样本点测量值与从 MODIS 卫星图像获得的增强植被指数的季节性变化之间的关系,以衡量采伐后的生产力。为了检验这样一种假设,即它们对干扰后生产力有不同的影响,我们将落叶树和常绿树成分在我们的干扰前多样性评估中分开。我们还研究了树种丰富度和物种身份效应的作用。我们的分析揭示了传统生物多样性指标和基于特征的方法在动态生态系统中研究生物多样性-生态系统功能关系的互补性。我们报告了采伐前落叶 RD 与采伐后生产力之间存在显著正相关,以及意想不到的常绿树 RD 对生产力产生显著负相关。这种与采伐后生产力的负相关关系可能是由于常绿树再生速度较慢,以及所研究的时间尺度相对较短所致。负的黑云杉介导的身份效应可能与增加了对沼泽化和由抑制森林再生的石南科灌木入侵的林分易损性有关。响应多样性作为衡量干扰后生产力的指标表现优于功能冗余,这很可能是由于所考虑的干扰是林分取代性质所致。据我们所知,这是为数不多的报告 RD 成分与生态系统功能之间存在负显著关系的研究之一,即常绿树 RD 与林分取代干扰后的森林生态系统生产力之间的关系。

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