Shinohara Yoshie, Nakatsuka Mikiya
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8558,
Acta Med Okayama. 2018 Apr;72(2):143-151. doi: 10.18926/AMO/55855.
We focus on Japanese individuals with gender identity disorder (GID), especially male-to-female (MTF) GID, who have experienced difficulty in adapting to social life. We clarify what gender dysphoria is, and we examine methods of intervention. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 individuals with MTF-GID from August 2015 to April 2017. We categorized the subjects'experiences regarding dysphoria into the 'Onset of gender dysphoria,' 'Experience of feeling gender dysphoria,' and 'Changes due to receiving medical care.' The subjects reported experiencing great pain and distress because they did not fully understand that they were experiencing dysphoria and could not align their gender identity and their self-identity. All subjects described their experiences of dysphoria as negative. Additionally, all said that the dysphoria was alleviated by a medical intervention such as visiting a gender clinic, receiving a diagnosis and treatment, and changing their physical sex to the sex congruent with their gender identity. The provision of information at the gender clinic and the physical changes achieved by medical intervention exerted a positive effect both mentally and socially on the subjects, who suffered various physical, mental and social problems.
我们关注患有性别认同障碍（GID）的日本个体，尤其是男变女（MTF）的性别认同障碍者，他们在适应社会生活方面存在困难。我们阐明了性别焦虑是什么，并研究了干预方法。在2015年8月至2017年4月期间，对11名患有MTF-GID的个体进行了半结构化访谈。我们将受试者关于性别焦虑的经历分为“性别焦虑的发作”、“感到性别焦虑的经历”以及“接受医疗护理后的变化”。受试者报告称，由于他们没有完全理解自己正在经历性别焦虑，并且无法使自己的性别认同与自我认同相一致，因此经历了巨大的痛苦和困扰。所有受试者都将他们的性别焦虑经历描述为负面的。此外，所有人都说，通过诸如前往性别诊所、接受诊断和治疗以及将生理性别改变为与性别认同相符的性别等医疗干预，性别焦虑得到了缓解。性别诊所提供的信息以及医疗干预带来的身体变化，对遭受各种身体、心理和社会问题的受试者在心理和社会方面都产生了积极影响。
