Center for Human-Environment System Sustainability (CHESS), State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Apr 19;190(5):296. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6654-y.
Understanding the dynamics of temporary water bodies (TWBs) is crucial for sustainable development in the drylands of northern China (DNC). Our objective was to quantify the dynamics of TWBs in the DNC between 2000 and 2015. First, we extracted TWBs in the DNC from 2000 to 2015 using the modified normalized difference water index based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer data. Then, we examined the spatiotemporal patterns of TWBs in the DNC at multiple scales, ranging from the entire region to basins. We found that the area of TWBs increased significantly in the DNC (5.97 thousand km in 2000 to 9.92 thousand km in 2015) at an annual growth rate of 4.41%. The Heilongjiang Basin had the largest increase in TWBs (848 km in 2000 to 3230 km in 2015), with an annual growth rate of 23.41%. Such growth was mainly attributed to changes in precipitation in the DNC. We also found that approximately 1/3 of the increase in TWBs was distributed over grasslands and barren lands, which provide valuable water resources that may improve biodiversity and ecosystem services in the DNC. Thus, we suggest that effective measures are needed to manage TWBs to achieve sustainable development in the DNC.
了解临时水体（TWBs）的动态变化对于中国北方干旱区（DNC）的可持续发展至关重要。我们的目标是量化 2000 年至 2015 年 DNC 中 TWBs 的动态变化。首先，我们使用基于中分辨率成像光谱仪数据的改进归一化差异水指数从 2000 年到 2015 年提取 DNC 中的 TWBs。然后，我们在多个尺度上检查了 DNC 中 TWBs 的时空格局，从整个区域到流域。我们发现 DNC 中 TWBs 的面积显著增加（2000 年为 5970 平方公里，2015 年为 9920 平方公里），年增长率为 4.41%。黑龙江流域 TWBs 的增加量最大（2000 年为 848 平方公里，2015 年为 3230 平方公里），年增长率为 23.41%。这种增长主要归因于 DNC 降水的变化。我们还发现，TWBs 增加的约 1/3 分布在草原和荒地，这为 DNC 提供了有价值的水资源，可能会改善生物多样性和生态系统服务。因此，我们建议采取有效措施来管理 TWBs，以实现 DNC 的可持续发展。
