Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Nutrition Consultation, Seoul National University Hospital, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Nutr J. 2018 Apr 21;17(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12937-018-0353-y.
Maternal fatty acids (FAs) intake has an effect on birth weight, birth length, and gestational age, as fetal development is entirely dependent on the maternal essential FA supply. This study aimed to identify the association between the maternal intake of FAs and birth outcomes among pregnant women who participated in the Mothers and Children's Environmental Health (MOCEH) prospective cohort study in South Korea.
A total of 1407 pregnant women, aged 30.2 ± 3.7 years, at 12 to 28 weeks' gestation were recruited between August 2006 and December 2010. Their dietary intake during pregnancy was investigated by the 1-day 24-h dietary recall method. The pregnancy outcome data-namely infant's gestational age, birth weight, and birth length-were analyzed for their associations with their mothers' intake of FAs.
When adjusted for confounding factors, multiple regression analysis revealed adverse effects on birth weight (P = 0.031) and birth length (P = 0.025) with high maternal intake of omega-6 FAs. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) for the risk of being below the 10th percentile for birth weight was higher in the highest quintile (Q5) compared to the lowest quintile (Q1) of omega-6 FA intake levels (OR = 2.444; 95% CI = 1.038-5.751; P for trend = 0.010). Also, the OR for being above the 90th percentile of birth length was lower in the highest quintile (Q5) compared to that in the lowest quintile (Q1) of omega-6 FA intake (OR = 0.432; 95% CI = 0.211-0.884; P for trend = 0.020). However, the maternal intake of omega-3 FAs was not related to gestational age, birth weight, or birth length.
A high maternal omega-6 FA intake was negatively associated with birth weight and birth length.
母体脂肪酸（FAs）的摄入会影响出生体重、出生长度和胎龄，因为胎儿的发育完全依赖于母体必需 FA 的供应。本研究旨在确定韩国母亲和儿童环境健康（MOCEH）前瞻性队列研究中参与研究的孕妇母体 FA 摄入与妊娠结局之间的关系。
共招募了 1407 名年龄在 30.2±3.7 岁、妊娠 12 至 28 周的孕妇。在 2006 年 8 月至 2010 年 12 月期间，通过 1 天 24 小时膳食回忆法调查了她们的孕期饮食摄入情况。分析了妊娠结局数据——即婴儿的胎龄、出生体重和出生长度——与母亲 FA 摄入量之间的关系。
在调整混杂因素后，多元回归分析显示，母体高摄入ω-6 FA 对出生体重（P=0.031）和出生长度（P=0.025）有不良影响。在多因素逻辑回归分析中，与 ω-6 FA 摄入量最低五分位数（Q1）相比，最高五分位数（Q5）出生体重低于第 10 百分位的风险比（OR）更高（OR=2.444；95%CI=1.038-5.751；P 趋势=0.010）。此外，与 ω-6 FA 摄入量最低五分位数（Q1）相比，最高五分位数（Q5）出生长度超过第 90 百分位的风险比（OR）更低（OR=0.432；95%CI=0.211-0.884；P 趋势=0.020）。然而，母体 ω-3 FA 摄入与胎龄、出生体重或出生长度无关。
母体 ω-6 FA 摄入较高与出生体重和出生长度呈负相关。
