Department of Animal Physiology and Neurobiology, Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2018 Jun;97:40-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Apr 20.
Dopamine is an important catecholamine neurotransmitter in invertebrates and vertebrates. It is biochemically derived from tyrosine via L-DOPA. It is most abundant in the central nervous system, but can also be produced in e.g. epidermal cells. Dopamine has conserved roles in the control of movement, pleasure, motivation, arousal and memory between invertebrate and vertebrate animals. It is crucial for melanisation and sclerotisation, important processes for the formation of the exoskeleton of insects and immune function. In this brief review I will discuss some general aspects of insect dopamine biosynthesis and breakdown, dopamine receptors and their pharmacology. In addition, I will provide a glance on the multitude of biological functions of dopamine in insects. More detail is provided concerning the putative roles of dopamine in phase related phenomena in locusts. Finally, molecular and pharmacological adjustments of insect dopamine signalling are discussed in the light of possible approaches towards insect pest management.
多巴胺是无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中一种重要的儿茶酚胺神经递质。它在生化上由酪氨酸通过 L-DOPA 衍生而来。它在中枢神经系统中最为丰富，但也可以在例如表皮细胞中产生。多巴胺在控制无脊椎动物和脊椎动物的运动、愉悦、动机、觉醒和记忆方面发挥着保守作用。它对黑色素形成和骨化至关重要，这是昆虫外骨骼形成和免疫功能的重要过程。在这篇简短的综述中，我将讨论昆虫多巴胺生物合成和分解、多巴胺受体及其药理学的一些一般方面。此外，我还将简要介绍多巴胺在昆虫中的多种生物学功能。关于多巴胺在蝗虫相关现象中的可能作用，提供了更详细的信息。最后，根据昆虫害虫管理的可能方法，讨论了昆虫多巴胺信号的分子和药理学调节。
