Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Apr;129(1):126-134. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.02.022. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
The Bohai Sea is characterized as a semi-closed sea with limited water exchange ability, which has been regarded as one of the most contaminated regions in China and has attracted public attention over the past decades. In recent years, the rapid industrialization and urbanization around the coastal region has resulted in a severe pollution pressure in the Bohai Sea. Although efforts from official government and scientific experts have been made to protect and restore the marine ecosystem, satisfactory achievements were not gained. Moreover, partial coastal areas in the Bohai Sea seemingly remain heavily polluted. In this study, we focused on five coastal regions around the Bohai Sea to study the spatial distribution pattern of trace elements in the sediments and their ecological risk. A total of 108 sediment samples were analyzed to determine the contamination degree of trace elements (Cu, Cd, As, Pb, Zn, Cr, and Hg). Contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), geoaccumulation index (I), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were utilized to assess the pollution extent of these metals. Spatial distribution patterns revealed that the sedimentary environments of coastal Bohai were in good condition, except Jinzhou Bay, according to the Marine Sediment Quality of China. The concentrations of Hg and Cd were considerably higher than the average upper crust value and presented high potential ecological risk and considerable potential ecological risk, respectively. The overall environment quality of the coastal Bohai Sea does not seem to pose an extremely serious threat in terms of metal pollution. Thus, the government should continue implementing pollution control programs in the Bohai Sea.
渤海是一个半封闭的海域，其水交换能力有限，被认为是中国污染最严重的地区之一，几十年来一直受到公众关注。近年来，沿海地区的快速工业化和城市化给渤海带来了严重的污染压力。尽管政府和科学专家做出了保护和恢复海洋生态系统的努力，但并未取得令人满意的成果。此外，渤海部分沿海地区似乎仍然受到严重污染。在本研究中，我们集中研究了渤海周边的五个沿海地区，以研究沉积物中微量元素的空间分布模式及其生态风险。共分析了 108 个沉积物样品，以确定微量元素（Cu、Cd、As、Pb、Zn、Cr 和 Hg）的污染程度。利用污染因子（CF）、污染负荷指数（PLI）、地积累指数（I）和潜在生态风险指数（PERI）来评估这些金属的污染程度。空间分布模式表明，除锦州湾外，根据中国海洋沉积物质量，渤海沿海的沉积环境状况良好。Hg 和 Cd 的浓度明显高于平均上地壳值，分别呈现出高潜在生态风险和相当大的潜在生态风险。总体而言，渤海沿海地区的金属污染似乎没有对环境质量构成极其严重的威胁。因此，政府应继续在渤海实施污染控制计划。
