School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 836 Rodney French Boulevard South, New Bedford, MA 02744, USA; Fishing Operations and Technology Branch, Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00153 Rome, Italy.
Natural Resources Institute Finland, FI 00790, Helsinki, Finland.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2018 Apr;129(1):253-261. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.02.033. Epub 2018 Mar 23.
Fishing gears are marked to establish and inform origin, ownership and position. More recently, fishing gears are marked to aid in capacity control, reduce marine litter due to abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) and assist in its recovery, and to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. Traditionally, physical marking, inscription, writing, color, shape, and tags have been used for ownership and capacity purposes. Buoys, lights, flags, and radar reflectors are used for marking of position. More recently, electronic devices have been installed on marker buoys to enable easier relocation of the gear by owner vessels. This paper reviews gear marking technologies with focus on coded wire tags, radio frequency identification tags, Automatic Identification Systems, advanced electronic buoys for pelagic longlines and fish aggregating devices, and re-location technology if the gear becomes lost.
渔具上做标记是为了建立和告知来源、所有权和位置。最近，渔具上做标记是为了帮助控制容量，减少因废弃、丢失或其他丢弃的渔具（ALDFG）造成的海洋垃圾，并协助回收，以及打击非法、未报告和无管制的捕捞活动。传统上，物理标记、铭文、书写、颜色、形状和标签用于所有权和容量目的。浮标、灯光、旗帜和雷达反射器用于标记位置。最近，在标记浮标上安装了电子设备，以便所有者船只更容易重新定位渔具。本文回顾了渔具标记技术，重点介绍了编码金属标签、射频识别标签、自动识别系统、用于中上层延绳钓和集鱼装置的先进电子浮标，以及如果渔具丢失时的重新定位技术。
