Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street No. 19, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
Soft Matter. 2018 May 9;14(18):3590-3600. doi: 10.1039/c8sm00142a.
The application of ultrasonication to P3HT in anisole can dramatically affect the crystallization of P3HT. The ultrasonication conditions were modulated by varying the ultrasonication time, ultrasonication power and ultrasonication temperature. Ultrasonicating at the dissolution temperature (85 °C) causes the concentration of the P3HT solution to fluctuate. When fixing the ultrasonication power at 100 W and ultrasonication time at 3 min, for P3HT crystallized in solution at 16 °C, the crystallization kinetics of ultrasonicated P3HT is slower than that of pristine P3HT. The nanofiber aggregation density and crystallinity of ultrasonicated P3HT are lower than those of pristine P3HT, and the nanofiber aggregation size is larger. For P3HT crystallized in solution at 20 °C, the crystallization kinetics, nanofiber morphology and crystallinity of ultrasonicated P3HT are similar to those of pristine P3HT. For P3HT crystallized in solution at 26 °C, the crystallization kinetics of ultrasonicated P3HT is faster than that of pristine P3HT, the nanofiber aggregation size is larger, and the crystallinity is higher. Fixing the crystallization temperature at 16 °C and varying the ultrasonication time and ultrasonication power can effectively modulate the crystallization kinetics of P3HT. When the P3HT solution is ultrasonicated at the crystallization temperature (16 °C), in addition to fluctuations in the concentration, ultrasonication promotes the disentanglement of P3HT chains. The combination of the two effects of ultrasonication is more beneficial for the crystallization of P3HT when solvophobic forces exist in a marginal solvent.
超声处理在茴香醚中的 P3HT 可以显著影响 P3HT 的结晶。超声条件通过改变超声时间、超声功率和超声温度来调节。在溶解温度（85°C）下超声会导致 P3HT 溶液的浓度波动。当超声功率固定在 100W 和超声时间为 3 分钟时，对于在 16°C 下溶液中结晶的 P3HT，超声处理的 P3HT 的结晶动力学比原始 P3HT 慢。超声处理的 P3HT 的纳米纤维聚集密度和结晶度低于原始 P3HT，并且纳米纤维聚集尺寸更大。对于在 20°C 下溶液中结晶的 P3HT，超声处理的 P3HT 的结晶动力学、纳米纤维形态和结晶度与原始 P3HT 相似。对于在 26°C 下溶液中结晶的 P3HT，超声处理的 P3HT 的结晶动力学比原始 P3HT 快，纳米纤维聚集尺寸更大，结晶度更高。将结晶温度固定在 16°C 并改变超声时间和超声功率可以有效地调节 P3HT 的结晶动力学。当 P3HT 溶液在结晶温度（16°C）下超声时，除了浓度波动外，超声还促进了 P3HT 链的解缠。这两种超声效应的结合在边缘溶剂中存在溶剂斥力时更有利于 P3HT 的结晶。
