Centre for Crop and Disease Management, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Australia.
Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiative, School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Nov;74(11):2594-2600. doi: 10.1002/ps.5049. Epub 2018 Jun 23.
Since the introduction of herbicide-tolerant varieties of canola (Brassica napus L.) in 1993, global plantings have increased resulting in an increased incidence of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary infections. Developments in narrow windrow burning techniques to destroy the seed of multiple herbicide-resistant weeds provide an opportunity to also intercept and heat-treat the S. sclerotiorum inoculum source, termed sclerotia, before it re-enters the soil to infect susceptible crop species in successive years.
Preliminary kiln studies determined that a temperature of 264 °C for 10 s was needed to destroy S. sclerotiorum sclerotia viability (LT ) of sclerotia < 3 mm in diameter, whereas temperatures of 353 and 362 °C for the same duration were required to kill sclerotia (LT ) of 3-4 and > 4 mm in diameter respectively. In the field, temperatures > 500 °C were maintained in the centre of burning narrow windrows of canola residue for > 450 s and 300 °C was maintained consistently at either edge of the windrows for the same duration. The temperatures achieved when burning canola narrow windrows were sufficient to kill all sclerotia concentrated into the narrow windrow.
As a technique, narrow windrow burning of canola residue provides the temperature and temperature durations required to kill S. sclerotiorum sclerotia, thus providing a non-fungicidal control option as part of a wider integrated disease management approach. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
自 1993 年引入耐除草剂油菜（Brassica napus L.）以来，全球种植面积不断增加，导致核盘菌（Sclerotinia sclerotiorum（Lib.）de Bary）感染的发病率上升。采用窄垄焚烧技术来消灭多种抗除草剂杂草的种子，为拦截并加热核盘菌接种源（称为菌核）提供了机会，使其在重新进入土壤感染来年易感染的作物物种之前，在土壤中被消灭。
初步窑炉研究表明，需要 264°C 的温度持续 10 秒才能破坏直径<3mm 的核盘菌菌核的生存能力（LT），而 353°C 和 362°C 的温度持续相同时间则分别需要杀死直径为 3-4mm 和>4mm 的菌核。在田间，燃烧油菜残茬的窄垄时，中心的温度>500°C 持续超过 450s，而在同一时间内，垄的两边温度稳定保持在 300°C。燃烧油菜窄垄时达到的温度足以杀死集中在窄垄中的所有菌核。
作为一种技术，油菜残茬的窄垄焚烧提供了杀死核盘菌菌核所需的温度和温度持续时间，因此作为更广泛的综合疾病管理方法的一部分，提供了一种非杀菌控制选择。© 2018 化学工业学会。
