Siripattanapipong Suradej, Leelayoova Saovanee, Ninsaeng Ubolrat, Mungthin Mathirut
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Med Entomol. 2018 Aug 29;55(5):1277-1283. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjy069.
In Thailand, leishmaniasis is an emerging vector-borne disease that has become a public health concern. In related epidemiological surveys to identify potential Leishmania vectors in the affected areas, DNA of Leishmania martiniquensis (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) was detected in Sergentomyia (Neophebotomus) gemmea (Diptera: Psychodidae) and Sergentomyia (Parrotomyia) barraudi (Diptera: Psychodidae). Recently, a more elaborate study was conducted in the same areas that included sand fly species identification, screening sand flies for the presence of Leishmania DNA and blood meal analysis to identify potential reservoir hosts directed toward assessing the risk of human infection. Twenty-nine archived pools of sand flies collected in Hat Samran District, Trang Province were used in this study. Sand fly species were confirmed using PCR encompassing regions within the mitochondrial DNA. Leishmania DNA was detected using PCR of the heat shock protein 70 region (hsp70-PCR) and blood meal identification was performed using PCR of the cyt b gene of vertebrate mitochondrial DNA (cytb-nd1-PCR) and human-specific AluYb8 repeat (AluYb8-PCR). Four sand fly species were confirmed, i.e., Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) stantoni (Diptera: Psychodidae), S. barraudi, Sergentomyia (Neophlebotomus) iyengari (Diptera: Psychodidae), and S. gemmea. Leishmania siamensis was detected in one female S. iyengari. Only human blood was detected in P. stantoni and S. gemmea, while both sun skink (Mabuya multifasciata) and human blood were detected in S. iyengari. In this study, we showed that S. iyengari could be a potential vector of L. siamensis infection among humans.
在泰国，利什曼病是一种新出现的媒介传播疾病，已成为公共卫生问题。在相关流行病学调查中，为了确定受影响地区潜在的利什曼原虫媒介，在吉氏司蛉（双翅目：蛾蠓科）和巴氏司蛉（双翅目：蛾蠓科）中检测到了马提尼克利什曼原虫（动质体目：锥虫科）的DNA。最近，在同一地区进行了一项更详细的研究，包括白蛉物种鉴定、筛查白蛉是否存在利什曼原虫DNA以及血餐分析，以确定潜在的储存宿主，旨在评估人类感染风险。本研究使用了在董里府阁三兰区收集的29份存档白蛉样本池。使用涵盖线粒体DNA区域的PCR确认白蛉物种。使用热休克蛋白70区域的PCR（hsp70-PCR）检测利什曼原虫DNA，并使用脊椎动物线粒体DNA的细胞色素b基因的PCR（cytb-nd1-PCR）和人类特异性AluYb8重复序列的PCR（AluYb8-PCR）进行血餐鉴定。确认了四种白蛉物种，即斯氏白蛉（双翅目：蛾蠓科）、巴氏司蛉、伊氏司蛉（双翅目：蛾蠓科）和吉氏司蛉。在一只雌性伊氏司蛉中检测到了暹罗利什曼原虫。在斯氏白蛉和吉氏司蛉中仅检测到人类血液，而在伊氏司蛉中同时检测到了太阳石龙子（多线南蜥）和人类血液。在本研究中，我们表明伊氏司蛉可能是人类感染暹罗利什曼原虫的潜在媒介。
