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超越综合征管理:在中低收入国家基于诊断的性传播感染治疗的机会。

Beyond syndromic management: Opportunities for diagnosis-based treatment of sexually transmitted infections in low- and middle-income countries.

机构信息

Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa.

School of Nursing and Public Health, Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.

出版信息

PLoS One. 2018 Apr 24;13(4):e0196209. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196209. eCollection 2018.


DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0196209
PMID:29689080
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5918163/
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: In light of the limited impact the syndromic management approach has had on the global sexually transmitted infection (STI) epidemic, we assessed a care model comprising point-of-care (POC) STI testing, immediate treatment, and expedited partner therapy (EPT) among a cohort of young women at high HIV risk in South Africa. METHODS AND FINDINGS: HIV negative women presenting for STI care underwent POC testing for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), and swabs were sent for NG culture and susceptibility testing. Results were available within 2 hours and women with STIs were immediately treated and offered EPT packs, including medication, condoms, and information for sexual partners. An EPT questionnaire was administered after one week, and women retested for STIs after 6 and 12 weeks. 267 women, median age 23 (IQR 21-26), were recruited and 88.4% (236/267) reported genital symptoms. STI prevalence was CT 18.4% (95%CI 13.7-23.0), NG 5.2% (95%CI 2.6-7.9) and TV 3.0% (95%CI 1.0-5.0). After 12 weeks, all but one NG and two CT infections were cleared. No cephalosporin-resistant NG was detected. Of 63/267 women (23.6%) diagnosed with STIs, 98.4% (62/63) were offered and 87.1% (54/62) accepted EPT. At one week 88.9% (48/54) stated that their partner had taken the medication. No allergic reactions or social harms were reported. Of 51 women completing 6-week follow up, detection rates were lower amongst women receiving EPT (2.2%, 1/46) compared to those who did not (40.0%, 2/5), p = 0.023. During focus group discussions women supported the care model, because they received a rapid, specific diagnosis, and could facilitate their partners' treatment. CONCLUSIONS: POC STI testing and EPT were acceptable to young South African women and their partners, and could play an important role in reducing STI reinfection rates and HIV risk. Larger studies should evaluate the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of implementing this strategy at population level.

摘要

简介:鉴于综合征管理方法对全球性传播感染(STI)流行的影响有限,我们评估了一种护理模式,该模式包括在南非艾滋病毒高危年轻女性队列中进行即时治疗和加速性伴侣治疗(EPT)的即时护理点(POC)STI 检测。

方法和发现:接受 STI 护理的 HIV 阴性女性接受了针对沙眼衣原体(CT)、淋病奈瑟菌(NG)和阴道毛滴虫(TV)的即时护理点检测,并对拭子进行了 NG 培养和药敏试验。结果在 2 小时内可用,有 STI 的女性立即接受治疗,并提供 EPT 包,包括药物、避孕套和性伴侣信息。一周后进行 EPT 问卷调查,六周和十二周后对女性进行 STI 复查。共招募了 267 名中位年龄为 23 岁(IQR 21-26)的女性,其中 88.4%(236/267)报告有生殖器症状。STI 患病率为 CT 18.4%(95%CI 13.7-23.0)、NG 5.2%(95%CI 2.6-7.9)和 TV 3.0%(95%CI 1.0-5.0)。12 周后,除 1 例 NG 和 2 例 CT 感染外,所有感染均已清除。未检测到头孢菌素耐药性 NG。在 267 名被诊断患有 STI 的女性中,有 98.4%(62/63)接受了 EPT 治疗,87.1%(54/62)接受了 EPT。一周后,88.9%(48/54)的女性表示其伴侣已服用药物。未报告过敏反应或社会危害。在完成 6 周随访的 51 名女性中,接受 EPT 的女性的检测率(2.2%,1/46)低于未接受 EPT 的女性(40.0%,2/5),p=0.023。在焦点小组讨论中,女性支持该护理模式,因为她们获得了快速、明确的诊断,并能够促进其伴侣的治疗。

结论:即时护理点 STI 检测和 EPT 得到了南非年轻女性及其伴侣的认可,可能在降低 STI 再感染率和艾滋病毒风险方面发挥重要作用。更大规模的研究应评估在人群层面实施该策略的可行性和成本效益。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e079/5918163/48492dc255cf/pone.0196209.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e079/5918163/48492dc255cf/pone.0196209.g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e079/5918163/48492dc255cf/pone.0196209.g001.jpg

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