Schneider Thomas, Ikemeyer Dietmar, MÜller Ole, Dumont Henri J
Arnold-Knoblauch-Ring 76, 14109 Berlin-Wannsee, Germany.
Zootaxa. 2018 Mar 12;4394(1):1-40. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.1.1.
Iran has a complex dragonfly fauna influenced by contacts and overlaps of different geographical zones. Its fauna is dominated by Eurosiberian taxa. However, the SE Province Sistãn-va-Baluchestãn is rich in oriental species, many of which having their western distribution limit in Iran. In NE-Iran, Irano-Turanian elements live and in the S- and SW-Iran African species are found. The Iranian Odonata fauna seems well studied, however, a closer look reveals many uncertainties and confusion, some records coming clearly from misidentification whereas other, which were missing proofs of correct identification remains to be confirmed. Even today, every new collecting trip reveals species new for Iran whereas species new for science are still detected, although rarely. In this checklist we include seven taxa new for Iran: Stylurus ubadschii (although a male of uncertain origin is recorded in Schmidt (1954), Ischnura senegalensis (although two uncertain records were published by Martin (1912) and Schmidt (1954), Coenagrion ponticum, C. lunulatum, C. pulchellum, Lestes macrostigma, and Calopteryx splendens tschaldirica. We critically checked all available data, including all published records. Fourteen taxa have been rejected, or placed in the category for need of confirmation. Till the end of 2017, 100 autochthonous taxa of dragonflies and two migratory species could be confirmed to be or have been present in Iran. We provide distribution maps, created after evaluation of published data and containing our own data from 12 trips to Iran, travelling over 35000 km in the country. Over 200 new localities are integrated. Taxonomic confusion is reduced by rejecting the following taxa for Iran: Calopteryx splendens mingrelica, C. hyalina, Erythromma najas, Aeshna cyanea, Gomphus davidi, and Sympetrum sinaiticum. We regard the taxa Gomphus amseli and G. schneiderii transcaspicus as synonyms of G. schneiderii, and Onychogomphus forcipatus lucidostriatus as a synonym of O. f. albotibialis.
伊朗拥有复杂的蜻蜓动物区系，受到不同地理区域的接触和重叠的影响。其动物区系以欧洲西伯利亚类群为主。然而，东南部的锡斯坦-俾路支斯坦省有丰富的东方物种，其中许多物种在伊朗有其西部分布界限。在伊朗东北部，有伊朗-图兰元素物种存在，而在伊朗南部和西南部发现了非洲物种。伊朗的蜻蜓动物区系似乎已得到充分研究，然而，仔细观察会发现许多不确定性和混乱之处，一些记录显然源于错误鉴定，而其他一些缺少正确鉴定证据的记录仍有待确认。即使在今天，每一次新的采集之旅都会发现伊朗新物种，而新的科学物种仍有发现，尽管很罕见。在这份清单中，我们收录了七个伊朗新物种：乌巴德施氏纤腹蜓（Stylurus ubadschii）（尽管施密特（1954年）记录了一只来源不明的雄性个体）、塞内加尔小蜻（Ischnura senegalensis）（尽管马丁（1912年）和施密特（1954年）发表了两条不确定的记录）、 Pontic 赤蜻（Coenagrion ponticum）、新月赤蜻（C. lunulatum）、美丽赤蜻（C. pulchellum）、大斑丝蟌（Lestes macrostigma）以及查尔迪里卡丽翅蜻（Calopteryx splendens tschaldirica）。我们严格检查了所有可用数据，包括所有已发表的记录。有14个类群被排除，或被归入需要确认的类别。截至2017年底，可以确认或曾经在伊朗出现过100种本土蜻蜓类群和两种迁徙物种。我们提供了分布图，这些图是在评估已发表数据并纳入我们自己在伊朗12次行程（在该国行程超过35000公里）中获得的数据后绘制的。整合了200多个新地点。通过排除以下伊朗类群减少了分类学上的混乱：明格里丽翅蜻（Calopteryx splendens mingrelica）、透明丽翅蜻（C. hyalina）、纳亚斯赤豆娘（Erythromma najas）、蓝斑大蜓（Aeshna cyanea）、大卫大蜓（Gomphus davidi）以及西奈隼蜓（Sympetrum sinaiticum）。我们将阿氏大蜓（Gomphus amseli）和跨里海大蜓（G. schneiderii transcaspicus）视为施氏大蜓（G. schneiderii）的同义词，将亮纹钳角大蜓（Onychogomphus forcipatus lucidostriatus）视为白胫钳角大蜓（O. f. albotibialis）的同义词。
