1 University of Greifswald, Germany.
Behav Modif. 2019 Jul;43(4):467-489. doi: 10.1177/0145445518772269. Epub 2018 Apr 24.
Interoceptive exposure is one component in cognitive behavioral therapy of panic disorder. The present investigation addressed changes in defensive mobilization during repeated interoceptive exposure using a standardized hyperventilation procedure. 26 high and 22 low anxiety sensitive persons (ASI, Peterson & Reiss, 1992) went through two guided hyperventilation and normoventilation procedures, spaced one week apart. Breathing parameters, startle response magnitudes and symptom reports were measured. All participants successfully adhered to the guided breathing procedures. Both groups comparably reported more symptoms during hyperventilation than normoventilation in both sessions. Only high-AS participants displayed potentiated startle magnitudes after the first hyperventilation vs. normoventilation. One week later, when the hyperventilation exercise was repeated, this potentiation was no longer present. Thus, high and low-AS groups no longer differed in their defensive mobilization to symptom provocation. Furthermore, the number of reported baseline symptoms also decreased from session one to session two in the high-AS group. While high-AS reported increased baseline anxiety symptoms in session 1, groups did not differ in session 2. Results indicate a reduction of defensive mobilization during repeated interoceptive exposure.
内感受暴露是惊恐障碍认知行为治疗的一个组成部分。本研究采用标准化的过度通气程序，探讨了在重复内感受暴露过程中防御动员的变化。26 名高焦虑敏感个体（AS）和 22 名低焦虑敏感个体（AS）进行了两次引导性过度通气和正常通气程序，间隔一周。测量呼吸参数、惊吓反应幅度和症状报告。所有参与者都成功地遵守了引导性呼吸程序。在两次会议中，两组参与者在过度通气期间均报告比正常通气期间更多的症状。只有高 AS 参与者在第一次过度通气与正常通气相比，显示出更大的惊吓反应幅度增强。一周后，当重复过度通气锻炼时，这种增强不再存在。因此，高和低 AS 组在对症状诱发的防御动员方面不再存在差异。此外，高 AS 组在从第 1 次会议到第 2 次会议期间报告的基线症状数量也有所减少。虽然高 AS 在第 1 次会议中报告了增加的基线焦虑症状，但在第 2 次会议中，两组没有差异。结果表明，在重复内感受暴露过程中，防御动员减少。
