Williams Valerie F, Stahlman Shauna, Oh Gi-Taik
MSMR. 2018 Apr;25(4):2-5.
During 2007-2017, there were 574 incident cases of coccidioidomycosis among active component service members, with an overall unadjusted incidence rate of 3.9 cases per 100,000 person-years (p-yrs). Compared to their respective counterparts, the overall rates were highest among those aged 40 years or older, Navy members, enlisted service members, and those in healthcare occupations. Overall incidence rates were similar for males and females. Within race/ethnicity groups, the overall rates of coccidioidomycosis were highest among Asian/Pacific Islanders and lowest among non-Hispanic whites. During the surveillance period, crude annual incidence rates decreased from a high of 5.2 cases per 100,000 p-yrs in 2007 to a low of 2.3 cases per 100,000 p-yrs in 2017. Of the total U.S. cases (n=547), the vast majority (85.0%) were associated with locations within states in the southwestern U.S. with endemic areas, including California (47.3%), Arizona (32.5%), Texas (4.6%), and New Mexico (0.5%). Providers of health care to U.S. military members should consider coccidioidomycosis as a potential cause of febrile respiratory infectious illnesses, particularly when the individual has a history of recent travel to an endemic area (especially those who work or participate in activities where dust is generated).
2007年至2017年期间，现役军人中出现了574例球孢子菌病新发病例，总体未调整发病率为每10万人年3.9例。与各自的对应人群相比，发病率总体上在40岁及以上人群、海军成员、应征入伍军人以及从事医疗保健职业的人群中最高。男性和女性的总体发病率相似。在种族/族裔群体中，球孢子菌病的总体发病率在亚裔/太平洋岛民中最高，在非西班牙裔白人中最低。在监测期内，粗年发病率从2007年的每10万人年5.2例的高位降至2017年的每10万人年2.3例的低位。在美国的全部病例（n = 547）中，绝大多数（85.0%）与美国西南部有地方病区的州内地点有关，包括加利福尼亚州（47.3%）、亚利桑那州（32.5%）、得克萨斯州（4.6%）和新墨西哥州（0.5%）。为美国军人提供医疗服务的人员应将球孢子菌病视为发热性呼吸道传染病的潜在病因，尤其是当个体近期有前往地方病区的旅行史时（特别是那些在有扬尘的地方工作或参加活动的人）。
