School of Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, UK.
Chem Soc Rev. 2018 May 21;47(10):3721-3736. doi: 10.1039/c8cs00121a.
Nature is enriched with a wide variety of complex, synergistic, and highly functional protein-based multicomponent assemblies. As such, nature has served as a source of inspiration for using multicomponent self-assembly as a platform to create highly ordered, complex, and dynamic protein and peptide-based nanostructures. Such an assembly system relies on the initial interaction of distinct individual building blocks leading to the formation of a complex that subsequently assembles into supramolecular architectures. This approach not only serves as a powerful platform for gaining insight into how proteins co-assemble in nature but also offers huge opportunities to harness new properties not inherent in the individual building blocks. In the past decades, various multicomponent self-assembly strategies have been used to extract synergistic properties from proteins and peptides. This review highlights the updates in the field of multicomponent self-assembly of proteins and peptides and summarizes various strategies, including covalent conjugation, ligand-receptor interactions, templated/directed assembly and non-specific co-assembly, for driving the self-assembly of multiple proteins and peptide-based building blocks into functional materials. In particular, we focus on peptide- or protein-containing multicomponent systems that, upon self-assembly, enable the emergence of new properties or phenomena. The ultimate goal of this review is to highlight the importance of multicomponent self-assembly in protein and peptide engineering, and to advocate its growth in the fields of materials science and nanotechnology.
自然界中富含着各种各样的复杂、协同和高度功能化的基于蛋白质的多组分组装体。因此，自然界一直是利用多组分自组装作为平台来构建高度有序、复杂和动态的蛋白质和肽基纳米结构的灵感来源。这种组装系统依赖于不同单体之间的初始相互作用，从而形成一个复杂的复合物，随后组装成超分子结构。这种方法不仅为深入了解蛋白质在自然界中如何共同组装提供了一个强大的平台，而且还为利用单个构建块所不具备的新特性提供了巨大的机会。在过去的几十年中，已经使用了各种多组分自组装策略来从蛋白质和肽中提取协同性质。本综述重点介绍了蛋白质和肽的多组分自组装领域的最新进展，并总结了各种策略，包括共价键合、配体-受体相互作用、模板/定向组装和非特异性共组装，用于驱动多种蛋白质和肽基构建块自组装成功能性材料。特别是，我们关注的是含有肽或蛋白质的多组分系统，这些系统在自组装后能够产生新的性质或现象。本综述的最终目的是强调多组分自组装在蛋白质和肽工程中的重要性，并倡导其在材料科学和纳米技术领域的发展。
