Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Chem Soc Rev. 2018 May 21;47(10):3406-3420. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00827a.
Molecular self-assembly is a ubiquitous process in nature and central to bottom-up nanotechnology. In particular, the organization of peptide building blocks into ordered supramolecular structures has gained much interest due to the unique properties of the products, including biocompatibility, chemical and structural diversity, robustness and ease of large-scale synthesis. In addition, peptides, as short as dipeptides, contain all the molecular information needed to spontaneously form well-ordered structures at both the nano- and the micro-scale. Therefore, peptide supramolecular assembly has been effectively utilized to produce novel materials with tailored properties for various applications in the fields of material science, engineering, medicine, and biology. To further expand the conformational space of peptide assemblies in terms of structural and functional complexity, multicomponent (two or more) peptide supramolecular co-assembly has recently evolved as a promising extended approach, similar to the structural diversity of natural sequence-defined biopolymers (proteins) as well as of synthetic covalent co-polymers. The use of this methodology was recently demonstrated in various applications, such as nanostructure physical dimension control, the creation of non-canonical complex topologies, mechanical strength modulation, the design of light harvesting soft materials, fabrication of electrically conducting devices, induced fluorescence, enzymatic catalysis and tissue engineering. In light of these significant advancements in the field of peptide supramolecular co-assembly in the last few years, in this tutorial review, we provide an updated overview and future prospects of this emerging subject.
分子自组装是自然界中普遍存在的过程，也是自下而上纳米技术的核心。特别是，由于产物具有独特的性能，包括生物相容性、化学和结构多样性、鲁棒性和易于大规模合成，因此肽构建块有序地组装成超分子结构引起了广泛的兴趣。此外，即使是像二肽这样短的肽，也包含了自发形成纳米和微观尺度有序结构所需的所有分子信息。因此，肽超分子组装已被有效地用于生产具有各种特性的新型材料，这些材料在材料科学、工程、医学和生物学等领域有广泛的应用。为了进一步扩展肽组装在结构和功能复杂性方面的构象空间，多组分（两个或更多）肽超分子共组装最近已经发展成为一种很有前途的扩展方法，类似于天然序列定义生物聚合物（蛋白质）以及合成共价共聚物的结构多样性。这种方法最近在各种应用中得到了证明，例如纳米结构物理尺寸控制、非规范复杂拓扑结构的创建、机械强度调制、光收集软材料的设计、导电器件的制造、诱导荧光、酶催化和组织工程。鉴于近年来肽超分子共组装领域的这些重大进展，在本综述中，我们提供了对这一新兴主题的最新概述和未来展望。
