Shah Rahul, Baum Carl R
Department of Pediatrics, Yale New Haven Children's Hospital, New Haven, CT.
Professor of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Pediatr Emerg Med Pract. 2018 May;15(5):1-20. Epub 2018 May 1.
When children and adolescents present to the emergency department with agitation or mental status changes, intoxication from synthetic drug use should be in the differential diagnosis. Identifying the responsible compound(s) may be difficult, so asking the patient broad questions and utilizing appropriate diagnostic studies, when indicated, will aid in making the diagnosis and help identify more-serious complications. This issue discusses the challenges presented by the changing chemical formulations of synthetic cannabinoids, cathinones, and phenethylamines; outlines common presentations of intoxication from these substances; and summarizes best practices for evaluating and managing patients who present with intoxication after consumption of these synthetic drugs of abuse.
当儿童和青少年因烦躁不安或精神状态改变前往急诊科就诊时，应将使用合成药物导致的中毒纳入鉴别诊断。确定责任化合物可能很困难，因此向患者提出广泛的问题，并在必要时采用适当的诊断研究，将有助于做出诊断并帮助识别更严重的并发症。本期讨论了合成大麻素、卡西酮和苯乙胺不断变化的化学配方所带来的挑战；概述了这些物质中毒的常见表现；并总结了评估和管理服用这些合成滥用药物后出现中毒症状患者的最佳做法。
