Department of Technology in Engineering and Environmental Protection, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska St. 45E, Bialystok 15-351, Poland.
Department of Environment Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska St. 117a, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Apr;2017(1):156-169. doi: 10.2166/wst.2018.099.
The annual global production of milk is approximately 630,000 million litres and the volume of generated dairy wastewater accounts for 3.2 m·m product. Dairy wastewater is characterized by a high load of chemical oxygen demand (COD). In many wastewater plants dairy wastewater and municipal wastewater are co-treated. The effect of dairy wastewater contribution on COD fraction changes in municipal sewage which has been treated with a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) in three wastewater treatment plants in north-east Poland is presented. In these plants the real contribution of dairy wastewater was 10, 13 and 17%. In raw wastewater, S fraction (readily biodegradable dissolved organic matter) was dominant and ranged from 38.3 to 62.6%. In the effluent, S fraction was not noted, which is indicative of consumption by microorganisms. The presence of dairy wastewater in municipal sewage does not cause changes in the content of the X fraction (insoluble fractions of non-biodegradable organic matter). SBR effluents were dominated by non-biodegradable dissolved organic matter S, which from 57.7 to 61.7%. In raw wastewater S ranged from 1.0 to 4.6%. X fraction (slowly biodegradable non-soluble organic matter) in raw wastewater ranged from 24.6 to 45.5% while in treated wastewater it ranged from 28.6 to 30.8%. In the control object (fourth wastewater plant) which does not process dairy wastewater, the S, S, X and X fraction in inflow was 28.7, 2.4, 51.7 and 17.2% respectively. In the effluent the S, S, X and X fraction was below 0.1, 33.6, 50.0 and 16.4% respectively.
全球牛奶年产量约为 63 亿升，产生的牛奶废水总量达 3200 万立方米。牛奶废水的特点是化学需氧量（COD）负荷高。在许多废水处理厂，牛奶废水与城市废水一起处理。本文介绍了波兰东北部三个废水处理厂的序批式反应器（SBR）处理城市污水中牛奶废水对 COD 组分变化的影响。在这些工厂中，牛奶废水的实际贡献分别为 10%、13%和 17%。在原水中，S 组分（易生物降解的溶解性有机物）占主导地位，范围为 38.3%至 62.6%。在出水中，未检出 S 组分，这表明微生物已经消耗了 S 组分。牛奶废水在城市污水中的存在不会导致 X 组分（不可生物降解的有机物的不溶性部分）含量的变化。SBR 出水以不可生物降解的溶解性有机物 S 为主，占 57.7%至 61.7%。原水中 S 组分的范围为 1.0%至 4.6%。原水中 X 组分（缓慢生物降解的不可溶性有机物）的范围为 24.6%至 45.5%，而处理后的废水中的范围为 28.6%至 30.8%。在不处理牛奶废水的对照对象（第四家废水处理厂）中，进水的 S、S、X 和 X 组分分别为 28.7%、2.4%、51.7%和 17.2%。出水的 S、S、X 和 X 组分分别低于 0.1%、33.6%、50.0%和 16.4%。
