两种酚氧化酶参与了刺龙虾血淋巴 PO 活性的产生。
Two types of phenoloxidases contribute to hemolymph PO activity in spiny Lobster.
机构信息
Laboratory of Food Quality Design and Development, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
Laboratory of Marine Biological Function, Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
出版信息
Food Chem. 2018 Sep 15;260:166-173. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.03.110. Epub 2018 Mar 26.
Phenoloxidases (POs) play a crucial role in melanization of crustaceans. There are at least two types of POs characterized in crustaceans: the conventional type (POα here) that is expressed in hemocytes and POβ, a secreted protein synthesized in the hepatopancreas. We investigated the source of PO activity in the hemolymph of a lobster and determined the kinetic parameters of mono- and di-PO activities. In the lobster hemolymph, POα, which formed a hexamer similar to both POβ and hemocyanin, contributed to PO activity, whereas the amount of POβ was low. Kinetic analyses using purified prophenoloxidase of crustaceans showed that lobster POα has a higher rate constant, while shrimp POβ has higher specificity in both mono- and di-PO reactions, when tyramine and dopamine were employed as substrates. There should be at least two types of PO molecules in crustacean hemolymph, but the dominant PO molecule type varies among species.
酚氧化酶（POs）在甲壳动物的黑化过程中起着至关重要的作用。甲壳动物中至少有两种类型的 PO：传统类型（这里称为 POα）在血细胞中表达，而 POβ是一种在肝胰腺中合成的分泌蛋白。我们研究了龙虾血液中 PO 活性的来源，并确定了单 PO 和双 PO 活性的动力学参数。在龙虾的血液中，形成类似于 POβ和血蓝蛋白的六聚体的 POα，对 PO 活性有贡献，而 POβ的含量较低。使用甲壳动物的纯化原酚氧化酶进行的动力学分析表明，当使用酪胺和多巴胺作为底物时，龙虾 POα的速率常数更高，而虾类 POβ在单 PO 和双 PO 反应中均具有更高的特异性。甲壳动物的血液中应该至少有两种类型的 PO 分子，但优势 PO 分子类型在不同物种中有所不同。
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