College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
Waste Manag. 2018 Jul;77:435-446. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.04.028. Epub 2018 Apr 23.
Composting is a popular method for recycling organic solid wastes including agricultural and forestry residues. However, traditional composting method is time consuming, generates foul smells, and produces an immature product. The effects of maifanite (MF; at 0%, 8.5%, and 13.5%) and/or silage (SG; at 0%, 25%, and 45%) as amendments on an innovative, two-stage method for composting green waste (GW) were investigated. The combined addition of MF and SG greatly improved composting conditions, reduced composting time, and enhanced compost quality in terms of composting temperature, bulk density, water-holding capacity, void ratio, pH, cation exchange capacity, ammonia nitrogen content, dissolved organic carbon content, crude fibre degradation, microbial numbers, enzyme activities, nutrient contents, and phytotoxicity. The two-stage composting of GW with 8.5% MF and 45% SG generated the highest quality and the most mature compost product and did so in only 21 days. With the optimized composting, the degradation rate of cellulose and hemicellulose reached 46.3 and 82.3%, respectively, and the germination index of Chinese cabbage and lucerne was 153 and 172%, respectively, which were all far higher than values obtained with the control. The combined effects of MF and SG on GW composting have not been previously explored, and this study therefore provided new and practical information. The comprehensive analyses of compost properties during and at the end of the process provided insight into underlying mechanisms. The optimized two-stage composting method may be a viable and sustainable alternative for GW management in that it converts the waste into a useful product.
堆肥是一种回收农业和林业残留物等有机固体废物的常用方法。然而，传统的堆肥方法耗时、产生恶臭并产生未成熟的产品。研究了麦饭石（MF；0%、8.5%和 13.5%）和/或青贮（SG；0%、25%和 45%）作为改良剂对创新的两步法堆肥绿废物（GW）的影响。MF 和 SG 的联合添加大大改善了堆肥条件，缩短了堆肥时间，并提高了堆肥质量，表现在堆肥温度、堆积密度、持水能力、空隙比、pH 值、阳离子交换容量、氨氮含量、溶解有机碳含量、粗纤维素降解、微生物数量、酶活性、养分含量和植物毒性方面。GW 采用 8.5%MF 和 45%SG 的两步式堆肥在仅 21 天内产生了最高质量和最成熟的堆肥产品。通过优化堆肥，纤维素和半纤维素的降解率分别达到 46.3%和 82.3%，白菜和紫花苜蓿的发芽指数分别达到 153%和 172%，均远高于对照值。MF 和 SG 对 GW 堆肥的综合影响以前尚未被探索过，因此本研究提供了新的实用信息。对过程中和结束时堆肥特性的综合分析提供了对潜在机制的深入了解。优化的两步式堆肥方法可能是一种可行和可持续的 GW 管理替代方案，因为它将废物转化为有用的产品。
