Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Hotchkiss Brain Institute and the University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Matrix Biol. 2018 Oct;71-72:432-442. doi: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 25.
The extracellular matrix of the central nervous system is an interconnected network of proteins and sugars. It is crucial for homeostasis, but its remodeling in neurological diseases impacts both injury and repair. Here we introduce an extracellular matrix family member that participates in immune-matrix interactions, the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans integrate signals from the microenvironment to activate immune cells, and they boost inflammatory responses by binding immunological receptors including toll-like receptors, selectins, CD44, and β1 integrin. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans also bind signaling molecules for immune cells such as cytokines and chemokines, and they activate matrix-degrading enzymes. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans accumulate in the damaged CNS, including during traumatic brain/spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis, and they help drive pathogenesis. This Review aims to give new insights into the remodeling of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans during inflammation, and how these matrix glycoproteins are able to drive neuroinflammation.
中枢神经系统的细胞外基质是蛋白质和糖的相互连接的网络。它对体内平衡至关重要，但在神经疾病中的重塑会影响损伤和修复。在这里，我们介绍一种参与免疫-基质相互作用的细胞外基质家族成员，即软骨素硫酸盐蛋白聚糖。软骨素硫酸盐蛋白聚糖整合来自微环境的信号，激活免疫细胞，通过结合免疫受体，包括 Toll 样受体、选择素、CD44 和 β1 整合素，增强炎症反应。软骨素硫酸盐蛋白聚糖还结合免疫细胞的信号分子，如细胞因子和趋化因子，并激活基质降解酶。软骨素硫酸盐蛋白聚糖在受损的中枢神经系统中积累，包括在创伤性脑/脊髓损伤和多发性硬化症中，它们有助于驱动发病机制。这篇综述旨在深入了解炎症过程中软骨素硫酸盐蛋白聚糖的重塑，以及这些基质糖蛋白如何能够驱动神经炎症。
