Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Centre for Caring Research, Southern Norway, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway.
Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, Centre for Caring Research, Southern Norway, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway.
Nurse Educ Today. 2018 Jul;66:149-157. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.04.018. Epub 2018 Apr 22.
To evaluate the available evidence supporting the efficacy of using simulation with standardized patients to prepare nursing students for mental health clinical practice.
Integrative literature review.
A systematic search of the electronic databases CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and SveMed+ was conducted to identify empirical studies published until November 2016. Multiple search terms were used. Original empirical studies published in English and exploring undergraduate nursing students' experiences of simulation with standardized patients as preparation for mental health nursing practice were included. A search of reference lists and gray literature was also conducted. In total, 1677 studies were retrieved; the full texts of 78 were screened by 2 of the authors, and 6 studies reminded in the review.
The authors independently reviewed the studies in three stages by screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts, and the quality of the included studies was assessed in the final stage. Design-specific checklists were used for quality appraisal. The thematic synthesizing method was used to summarize the findings of the included studies.
The studies used four different research designs, both qualitative and quantitative. All studies scored fairly low in the quality appraisal. The five themes identified were enhanced confidence, clinical skills, anxiety regarding the unknown, demystification, and self-awareness.
The findings of this study indicate that simulation with standardized patients could decrease students' anxiety level, shatter pre-assumptions, and increase self-confidence and self-awareness before entering clinical practice in mental health. More high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are required because of the limited evidence provided by the six studies in the present review.
评估使用标准化患者进行模拟以准备护理学生进行心理健康临床实践的有效性的现有证据。
综合文献综述。
系统检索电子数据库 CINAHL（EBSCOhost）、Embase、MEDLINE、PsycINFO 和 SveMed+，以确定截至 2016 年 11 月发表的实证研究。使用了多个搜索词。纳入的原始实证研究以英语发表，探讨了本科护理学生在模拟标准化患者作为心理健康护理实践准备方面的经验。还对参考文献列表和灰色文献进行了搜索。总共检索到 1677 项研究；两位作者独立筛选了 78 项研究的全文，并在综述中提醒了 6 项研究。
作者通过筛选标题、摘要和全文，分三个阶段独立审查研究，最后阶段评估纳入研究的质量。使用特定于设计的清单进行质量评估。使用主题综合方法总结纳入研究的结果。
这些研究采用了四种不同的研究设计，既有定性的也有定量的。所有研究在质量评估中得分都相当低。确定的五个主题是增强信心、临床技能、对未知的焦虑、破除神秘感和自我意识。
本研究的结果表明，使用标准化患者可以降低学生的焦虑水平，打破先入为主的观念，在进入心理健康临床实践之前增强自信和自我意识。由于本综述中的六项研究提供的证据有限，因此需要更多高质量、大样本量的研究。
