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肿瘤分泌的 Pros1 抑制巨噬细胞 M1 极化,从而减少抗肿瘤免疫反应。

Tumor-secreted Pros1 inhibits macrophage M1 polarization to reduce antitumor immune response.

机构信息

UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and.

Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.

出版信息

J Clin Invest. 2018 Jun 1;128(6):2356-2369. doi: 10.1172/JCI97354. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Abstract

Tyro3, Axl, Mer (TAM) receptor tyrosine kinases reduce inflammatory, innate immune responses. We demonstrate that tumor-secreted protein S (Pros1), a Mer/Tyro3 ligand, decreased macrophage M1 cytokine expression in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, tumor cells with CRISPR-based deletion of Pros1 failed to inhibit M1 polarization. Tumor cell-associated Pros1 action was abrogated in macrophages from Mer- and Tyro3- but not Axl-KO mice. In addition, several other murine and human tumor cell lines suppressed macrophage M1 cytokine expression induced by IFN-γ and LPS. Investigation of the suppressive pathway demonstrated a role for PTP1b complexing with Mer. Substantiating the role of PTP1b, M1 cytokine suppression was also lost in macrophages from PTP1b-KO mice. Mice bearing Pros1-deficient tumors showed increased innate and adaptive immune infiltration, as well as increased median survival. TAM activation can also inhibit TLR-mediated M1 polarization. Treatment with resiquimod, a TLR7/8 agonist, did not improve survival in mice bearing Pros1-secreting tumors but doubled survival for Pros1-deleted tumors. The tumor-derived Pros1 immune suppressive system, like PD-L1, was cytokine responsive, with IFN-γ inducing Pros1 transcription and secretion. Inhibition of Pros1/TAM interaction represents a potential novel strategy to block tumor-derived immune suppression.

摘要

酪氨酸激酶受体 Tyro3、Axl、Mer(TAM)可降低炎症和先天免疫反应。我们证明,肿瘤分泌的蛋白 S(Pros1)是 Mer/Tyro3 的配体,可减少体外和体内巨噬细胞 M1 细胞因子的表达。相比之下,基于 CRISPR 的 Pros1 缺失的肿瘤细胞无法抑制 M1 极化。在 Mer 和 Tyro3 而非 Axl-KO 小鼠的巨噬细胞中,肿瘤细胞相关的 Pros1 作用被阻断。此外,几种其他的鼠类和人类肿瘤细胞系可抑制 IFN-γ 和 LPS 诱导的巨噬细胞 M1 细胞因子表达。对抑制途径的研究表明,PTP1b 与 Mer 结合起作用。证实了 PTP1b 的作用,巨噬细胞中 PTP1b-KO 也失去了 M1 细胞因子的抑制作用。缺乏 Pros1 的肿瘤小鼠表现出增加的固有和适应性免疫浸润,以及延长的中位存活期。TAM 激活还可以抑制 TLR 介导的 M1 极化。用 TLR7/8 激动剂瑞喹莫德治疗 Pros1 分泌肿瘤的小鼠不能改善生存,但 Pros1 缺失肿瘤的生存时间增加了一倍。肿瘤衍生的 Pros1 免疫抑制系统与 PD-L1 相似,是细胞因子反应性的,IFN-γ 诱导 Pros1 的转录和分泌。抑制 Pros1/TAM 相互作用代表了阻断肿瘤衍生免疫抑制的一种潜在新策略。

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