Legris E, Gomot M, Charpentier J, Aoustin J M, Aussedat C, Bakhos D
Service ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, CHU de Tours, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France; UMRS imagerie et cerveau, inserm U930 équipe 1, CNRS ERL 3106, université François-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
UMRS imagerie et cerveau, inserm U930 équipe 1, CNRS ERL 3106, université François-Rabelais de Tours, CHRU de Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.
Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2018 Oct;135(5):335-339. doi: 10.1016/j.anorl.2018.04.004. Epub 2018 Apr 30.
Hearing loss can impair auditory discrimination, especially in noisy environments, requiring greater listening effort, which can impact socio-occupational life. To assess the impact of hearing loss in noisy environments, clinicians may use subjective or objective methods. Subjective methods, such as speech audiometry in noise, are used in clinical practice to assess reported discomfort. Objective methods, such as cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs), are mainly used in research. Subjective methods mainly comprise speech audiometry in noise, in which the signal-to-noise ratio can be varied so as to determine the individual speech recognition threshold, with and without hearing rehabilitation, the aim being to highlight any improvement in auditory performance. Frequency discrimination analysis is also possible. Objective methods assess auditory discrimination without the patient's active participation. One technique used for patients with auditory rehabilitation is the study of auditory responses by CAEPs. This electrophysiological examination studies cortical auditory rehabilitation oddball paradigms, enabling wave recordings such as mismatch negativity, P300 or N400, and analysis of neurophysiological markers according to auditory performance. The present article reviews all these methods, in order to better understand and evaluate the impact of hearing loss in everyday life.
听力损失会损害听觉辨别能力，尤其是在嘈杂环境中，这需要更大的听力努力，而这可能会影响社会职业生活。为了评估听力损失在嘈杂环境中的影响，临床医生可以使用主观或客观方法。主观方法，如噪声环境下的言语测听，在临床实践中用于评估报告的不适感。客观方法，如皮层听觉诱发电位（CAEP），主要用于研究。主观方法主要包括噪声环境下的言语测听，其中可以改变信噪比以确定个体言语识别阈值，无论是否进行听力康复，目的是突出听觉表现的任何改善。频率辨别分析也是可行的。客观方法在患者不主动参与的情况下评估听觉辨别能力。一种用于听觉康复患者的技术是通过CAEP研究听觉反应。这项电生理检查研究皮层听觉康复奇偶数范式，能够记录诸如失配负波、P300或N400等波形，并根据听觉表现分析神经生理标记物。本文综述了所有这些方法，以便更好地理解和评估听力损失在日常生活中的影响。
