Predictors of Exclusive Breastfeeding for 6 Months in a National Sample of US Children.

PURPOSE

To explore predictors of breastfeeding behavior and seek to replicate prior findings using a recent nationally representative United States (US) sample, which has not been done previously.

DESIGN

Secondary data analysis using the National Survey of Children's Health 2011 to 2012.

SETTING

Households in the 50 US states, the District of Columbia, and the US Virgin Islands.

PARTICIPANTS

Caregivers with a child between 6 months and 6 years of age (n = 26 552).

MEASURES

Caregiver-reported child breastfeeding behavior, child birth weight, child/maternal/family demographics, maternal physical and mental health, and household tobacco exposure.

ANALYSIS

A multinomial logistic regression explored whether child, maternal, and family characteristics predicted exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months or breastfeeding for a suboptimal duration.

RESULTS

Approximately 79% and 17% of the sample-initiated breastfeeding and exclusively breastfed for 6 months, respectively. Child ethnicity/race, maternal education, household tobacco exposure, family composition, and family income predicted odds of both exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months and breastfeeding for a suboptimal duration or not exclusively. Normal or high child birth weight and better maternal physical health predicted greater odds of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months.

CONCLUSION

Rates of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months remain low in the United States. Single-parent and step-families, lower income families, non-Hispanic black children, children with exposure to tobacco, and children of mothers with lower education are at greatest risk.