Baker Elizabeth P, Magnuson Elliott C, Dahly Ashley M, Siegel Jessica A
Department of Psychology, University of St. Thomas, Saint Paul, Minnesota.
Dev Psychobiol. 2018 Sep;60(6):664-673. doi: 10.1002/dev.21633. Epub 2018 May 8.
Methamphetamine alters behavior and the stress response system. Relatively little research has examined the effects of methamphetamine in adolescents and compared these effects to those in adults. Housing in enriched environments has been explored as one way to protect against the effects of methamphetamine, but the findings are conflicting and no study has examined how enriched environment may alter the behavioral and corticosterone responses to methamphetamine in adolescent and adult rodents. We examined the long-term effects of methamphetamine exposure on anxiety, social behavior, behavioral despair, and corticosterone levels in adolescent and adult mice housed in enriched or isolated environments. Enriched environment did not alter the behavioral or corticosterone response to methamphetamine. Methamphetamine exposure decreased anxiety and increased behavioral despair in adult mice, but methamphetamine did not alter behavior in adolescent mice. There was no effect of methamphetamine on social behavior or corticosterone levels. Our findings demonstrate that the specific environmental enrichment paradigm used in this study was not sufficient to mitigate the behavioral effects of methamphetamine and that adolescent mice are relatively resistant to the effects of methamphetamine compared to adult mice.
甲基苯丙胺会改变行为和应激反应系统。相对较少的研究考察了甲基苯丙胺对青少年的影响，并将这些影响与成年人的影响进行比较。探索将丰富环境饲养作为一种预防甲基苯丙胺影响的方法，但研究结果相互矛盾，且尚无研究考察丰富环境如何改变青少年和成年啮齿动物对甲基苯丙胺的行为和皮质酮反应。我们研究了甲基苯丙胺暴露对饲养在丰富或隔离环境中的青少年和成年小鼠的焦虑、社交行为、行为绝望和皮质酮水平的长期影响。丰富环境并未改变对甲基苯丙胺的行为或皮质酮反应。甲基苯丙胺暴露降低了成年小鼠的焦虑并增加了行为绝望，但甲基苯丙胺并未改变青少年小鼠的行为。甲基苯丙胺对社交行为或皮质酮水平没有影响。我们的研究结果表明，本研究中使用的特定丰富环境范式不足以减轻甲基苯丙胺的行为影响，并且与成年小鼠相比，青少年小鼠对甲基苯丙胺的影响相对具有抗性。
