Zhang Xing, Wang Ke Lin, Fu Zhi Yong, Chen Hong Song, Zhang Wei, Shi Zhi Hua
Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.
College of Source and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2017 Jul 18;28(7):2186-2196. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.028.
The traditional hydrology method, stable hydrogen and oxygen isotope technology, and rainfall simulation method were combined to investigate the hydrological function of small experimental plots (2 m×1.2 m) of contrasting architecture in Northwest Guangxi dolomite area. There were four typical catenary soils along the dolomite peak-cluster slope, which were the whole-sand, up-loam and down-sand, the whole loam, up-clay and down-sand soil types, respectively. All the experimental plots generated little amounts of overland runoff and had a high surface infiltration rate, ranging from 41 to 48 mm·h, and the interflow and deep percolation were the dominant hydrological progress. The interflow was classified into interflow in soil clay A and C according to soil genetic layers. For interflow in soil clay A, matrix flow was generated from the whole-sand, up-loam and down-sand, up-clay and down-sand soil types, but preferential flow dominated in the whole-loam soil type. As for interflow in soil clay C, preferential flow dominated in the whole-loam, up-clay and down-sand, up-loam and down-sand soil types. The soils were shallow yet continuously distributed along the dolomite slope. The difference of hydrological characteristics in soil types with different architectures mainly existed in the runoff generation progress of each interface underground. It proved that the a 3-D perspective was needed to study the soil hydrological functions on dolomite slope of Northwest Guangxi, and a new way paying more attention on underground hydrological progress should be explored to fully reveal the near-surface hydrological processes on karst slope.
结合传统水文方法、稳定氢氧同位素技术和降雨模拟方法，对桂西北白云岩地区不同结构的小型试验小区（2米×1.2米）的水文功能进行了研究。沿白云岩峰丛斜坡有四种典型的垂向土壤类型，分别为全砂、上壤下沙、全壤、上粘下沙土壤类型。所有试验小区产生的坡面径流较少，地表入渗率较高，范围为41至48毫米·小时，壤中流和深层渗漏是主要的水文过程。壤中流根据土壤发生层次分为土壤粘土层A和C中的壤中流。对于土壤粘土层A中的壤中流，全砂、上壤下沙、上粘下沙土壤类型产生基质流，但全壤土壤类型中优先流占主导。对于土壤粘土层C中的壤中流，全壤、上粘下沙、上壤下沙土壤类型中优先流占主导。土壤浅薄但沿白云岩斜坡连续分布。不同结构土壤类型的水文特征差异主要存在于各地下界面的产流过程中。结果表明，研究桂西北白云岩斜坡土壤水文功能需要三维视角，应探索更加关注地下水文过程的新途径，以充分揭示岩溶斜坡近地表水文过程。
