Jiao Yuan Mei, Liu Cheng Jing, Liu Xin, Liu Zhi Lin, Ding Yin Ping
School of Tourism and Geographical Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2017 Jul 18;28(7):2299-2306. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201707.022.
Analysis of hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes is an effective method to track the water cycle in watershed. Impact of landscape pattern on the isotope effects of spring water is a new interdisciplinary topic between landscape ecology and isotope hydrology. Taking the Quanfuzhuang River basin located in the core area of UNESCO World Cultural Heritage of Honghe Hani Rice Terrace as the object, collecting the monthly samples of 78 points of spring water and 39 precipitation at altitude of 1500 m (terraces), 1700 m (terraces) and 1900 m (forest) from March 2015 to March 2016, we analyzed the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes of water samples under the different landscape types. The results indicated that the dominated landscape types were forests and rice terraces, being 66.6% and 22.1% of the whole landscape area respectively, and they had a spatial vertical pattern of forest located at the mountain top and rice terraces at the down-slope. The correlation analysis showed that the spring water not only came from the precipitation, but also from other water sources which had a more positive δO and δD values, the spring water in up-slope forests mainly came from precipitation, while that in down-slope rice terraces came from precipitation, ri-ver water, rice terrace water and under ground water. Therefore, the mixing effects of spring water δO and δD were more significant in rice terraces. The overall altitude effect of the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes in spring water was obvious. The linear decreasing rates of δO and δD values were -0.125‰·(100 m)and -0.688‰·(100 m), respectively. The deuterium surplus value increased with the altitude because of the impacts of landscape pattern and the local cycle of water isotopes. In summary, the dominant landscape types had a significant impact on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes of spring water, which could be used as response indicator to reveal the impacts of landscape pattern on hydrological process.
氢氧稳定同位素分析是追踪流域水循环的有效方法。景观格局对泉水同位素效应的影响是景观生态学与同位素水文学之间的一个新的跨学科课题。以位于联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产红河哈尼梯田核心区的全福庄流域为研究对象，于2015年3月至2016年3月采集了海拔1500米（梯田）、1700米（梯田）和1900米（森林）处78个泉水点和39个降水点的月度样本，分析了不同景观类型下水样的氢氧稳定同位素。结果表明，主要景观类型为森林和水稻梯田，分别占整个景观面积的66.6%和22.1%，且具有山顶为森林、下坡为水稻梯田的空间垂直格局。相关性分析表明，泉水不仅来源于降水，还来源于其他δO和δD值更偏正的水源，上坡森林中的泉水主要来源于降水，而下坡水稻梯田中的泉水则来源于降水、河水、梯田水和地下水。因此，泉水δO和δD的混合效应在水稻梯田中更为显著。泉水中氢氧稳定同位素的整体海拔效应明显。δO和δD值的线性递减率分别为-0.125‰·(100米)和-0.688‰·(100米)。由于景观格局和水同位素的局地循环影响，氘盈余值随海拔升高而增加。综上所述，优势景观类型对泉水的氢氧同位素具有显著影响，可作为揭示景观格局对水文过程影响的响应指标。
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