Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Psychology Department, Azores University, Ponta Delgada, Portugal.
Cognitive-Behavioural Research Centre (CINEICC) of the Psychology Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2018 Sep;25(5):650-661. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2195. Epub 2018 May 9.
Social experiences have a significant impact on cognitive functioning and appraisals of social interactions. Specifically, recalls of antipathy from parents, submissiveness, and bullying during childhood can have a significant influence on paranoid ideation later in life.
Multiple hierarchical regression analysis was performed on a sample of 91 patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia in remission and active phase, their first-degree relatives (n = 32) and unaffected controls (n = 64).
Exploring the impact of distal (events from childhood) and proximal factors (current cognitive, emotional, and behavioural aspects of social functioning) in the frequency, degree of conviction, and distress resulting from paranoid ideation in the participants from 4 samples.
Proximal and distal factors (shame, submissive behaviour, negative social comparison, antipathy from father) predicted several aspects of paranoid ideation. Those variables had a differential impact in affected patients and healthy controls.
Finding suggests different variables being involved in paranoid ideation, and the specificities of patients with paranoid schizophrenia should be considered in the development of more effective psychotherapeutic interventions.
社会经历对认知功能和社交互动的评价有重大影响。具体来说，童年时期来自父母的反感、顺从和欺凌的回忆会对以后的偏执观念产生重大影响。
对 91 名缓解期和活动期被诊断为偏执型精神分裂症的患者、他们的一级亲属（n=32）和未受影响的对照组（n=64）进行了多项分层回归分析。
探讨 4 个样本中，来自童年的远距离（事件）和近端（当前认知、情感和社交功能的行为方面）因素对偏执观念的频率、坚信程度和困扰程度的影响。
近端和远端因素（羞耻、顺从行为、负面社会比较、来自父亲的反感）预测了偏执观念的几个方面。这些变量对受影响的患者和健康对照组有不同的影响。
研究结果表明，不同的变量与偏执观念有关，在制定更有效的心理治疗干预措施时，应考虑偏执型精神分裂症患者的特殊性。
