Dess Nancy K, Schreiber Kira R, Winter Gabriel M, Chapman Clinton D
Occidental College, United States.
Occidental College, United States.
Behav Processes. 2018 Aug;153:9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2018.05.006. Epub 2018 May 7.
A key feature of energy regulation among species that eat discrete meals is meal patterning - meal frequency, size, and duration. Such animals can adjust to internal states and external circumstances with changes in one or more of those meal parameters, with or without altering total food intake. Relatively little is known about individual differences in meal patterning. We previously reported meal patterning differences between rat lines selectively bred for differential saccharin solution intake, lines that also differ in sensitivity to metabolic challenges: Relative to high-saccharin-consuming counterparts (HiS), male low-saccharin-consuming rats (LoS) ate smaller, more frequent meals. Those findings provided evidence of an association between taste and short term satiety. Twenty generations later, we describe systematic replication of the line difference in meal patterns in males and females using two different kinds of reinforcer pellet. The previous study was further extended by examining meal parameters (1) with bi- and multivariate analyses and (2) after acute food restriction and a moderate stressor. Results are discussed within a behavior-systems framework incorporating taste as a marker for behavioral energy regulation.
对于那些进食不连续餐食的物种而言，能量调节的一个关键特征是进餐模式——进餐频率、食量和持续时间。这类动物可以通过改变这些进餐参数中的一个或多个来适应内部状态和外部环境，无论是否改变总食物摄入量。关于进餐模式的个体差异，我们所知相对较少。我们之前报道过，在因糖精溶液摄入量不同而进行选择性培育的大鼠品系之间存在进餐模式差异，这些品系对代谢挑战的敏感性也有所不同：相对于高糖精摄入量的同类大鼠（HiS），低糖精摄入量的雄性大鼠（LoS）进食量较小、进餐频率更高。这些发现为味觉与短期饱腹感之间的关联提供了证据。二十代之后，我们使用两种不同类型的强化颗粒，描述了雄性和雌性大鼠进餐模式品系差异的系统重现。通过（1）双变量和多变量分析以及（2）急性食物限制和适度应激源后检查进餐参数，对之前的研究进行了进一步扩展。我们将在一个行为系统框架内讨论结果，该框架将味觉作为行为能量调节的一个标志。
