Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
Laboratory of Systems Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
Viruses. 2018 May 15;10(5):257. doi: 10.3390/v10050257.
Viroids are small non-capsidated non-coding RNA replicons that utilize host factors for efficient propagation and spread through the entire plant. They can incite specific disease symptoms in susceptible plants. To better understand viroid-plant interactions, we employed microarray analysis to observe the changes of gene expression in "Rutgers" tomato leaves in response to the mild (M) and severe (S23) variants of potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). The changes were analyzed over a time course of viroid infection development: (i) the pre-symptomatic stage; (ii) early symptoms; (iii) full spectrum of symptoms and (iv) the so-called 'recovery' stage, when stem regrowth was observed in severely affected plants. Gene expression profiles differed depending on stage of infection and variant. In S23-infected plants, the expression of over 3000 genes was affected, while M-infected plants showed 3-fold fewer differentially expressed genes, only 20% of which were specific to the M variant. The differentially expressed genes included many genes related to stress; defense; hormone metabolism and signaling; photosynthesis and chloroplasts; cell wall; RNA regulation, processing and binding; protein metabolism and modification and others. The expression levels of several genes were confirmed by nCounter analysis.
类病毒是小的无衣壳非编码 RNA 复制子，它们利用宿主因子进行有效的复制和在整个植物中的传播。它们可以在易感植物中引起特定的疾病症状。为了更好地理解类病毒-植物的相互作用，我们采用微阵列分析观察了“罗格斯”番茄叶片中基因表达的变化，以响应温和（M）和严重（S23）变体的马铃薯纺锤形块茎类病毒（PSTVd）。分析了类病毒感染发展的时间过程中的变化：（i）无症状前阶段；（ii）早期症状；（iii）出现所有症状和（iv）所谓的“恢复”阶段，此时严重受影响的植物观察到茎再生。基因表达谱因感染阶段和变体而异。在 S23 感染的植物中，超过 3000 个基因的表达受到影响，而 M 感染的植物显示出 3 倍少的差异表达基因，其中只有 20%是 M 变体特异性的。差异表达的基因包括许多与应激、防御、激素代谢和信号转导、光合作用和叶绿体、细胞壁、RNA 调节、加工和结合、蛋白质代谢和修饰等相关的基因。通过 nCounter 分析证实了几个基因的表达水平。
