Zhang Yi-Bin, Wang Yan-Peng, Liu Jing
Molecular Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi. 2018 May;20(5):421-427. doi: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.05.016.
Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA which are isolated from synthesized random oligonucleotide library in vitro via systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and can bind to metal ions, small molecules, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and others targets with high affinity and specificity. Aptamers have the advantages of simple preparation, good thermal stability, and low immunogenicity and have great potential in the medical fields such as molecular imaging, biosensing, early diagnosis of diseases, and targeted therapy. Aptamer technology may be useful for early diagnosis and targeted therapy of pediatric cancer, and may avoid the side effects of conventional chemotherapy, such as growth and development disorders and long-term organ dysfunction. This article reviews the latest research advances in the selection and application of aptamers for pediatric cancer.
适体是从体外合成的随机寡核苷酸文库中通过指数富集的配体系统进化（SELEX）分离得到的单链DNA或RNA，能够以高亲和力和特异性结合金属离子、小分子、碳水化合物、脂质、蛋白质及其他靶标。适体具有制备简单、热稳定性好和免疫原性低等优点，在分子成像、生物传感、疾病早期诊断和靶向治疗等医学领域具有巨大潜力。适体技术可能有助于小儿癌症的早期诊断和靶向治疗，并可避免传统化疗的副作用，如生长发育障碍和长期器官功能障碍。本文综述了适体在小儿癌症选择和应用方面的最新研究进展。
