Harris Lauren Julius, Cárdenas Rodrigo A, Stewart Nathaniel D, Almerigi Jason B
a Department of Psychology , Michigan State University , East Lansing , MI , USA.
b Department of Psychology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA.
Laterality. 2019 Jan;24(1):65-97. doi: 10.1080/1357650X.2018.1475482. Epub 2018 May 16.
Most adults, especially women, hold infants and dolls but not books or packages on the left side. One reason may be that attention is more often leftward in response to infants, unlike emotionally neutral objects like books and packages. Women's stronger bias may reflect greater responsiveness to infants. Previously, we tested the attention hypothesis by comparing women's side-of-hold of a doll, book, and package with direction-of-attention on the Chimeric Faces Test (CFT) [Harris, L. J., Cárdenas, R. A., Spradlin, Jr., M. P., & Almerigi, J. B. (2010). Why are infants held on the left? A test of the attention hypothesis with a doll, a book, and a bag. Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition, 15(5), 548-571. doi:10.1080/13576500903064018]. Only the doll was held more often to the left, and only for the doll were side-of-hold and CFT scores related, with left-holders showing a stronger left-attention bias than right-holders. In the current study, we tested men and women with a doll and the CFT along with a vase as a neutral object and a "non-emotional" chimeric test. Again, only the doll was held more often to the left, but now, although both chimeric tests showed left-attention biases, scores were unrelated to side-of-hold. Nor were there sex differences. The results support left-hold selectivity but not the attention hypothesis, with or without the element of emotion. They also raise questions about the contribution of sex-of-holder. We conclude with suggestions for addressing these issues.
大多数成年人，尤其是女性，会把婴儿和玩偶抱在左侧，而不是把书或包裹抱在左侧。一个原因可能是，与书和包裹等情感中性的物品不同，人们对婴儿的注意力更多地指向左侧。女性更强的偏好可能反映出她们对婴儿有更高的反应性。之前，我们通过比较女性抱玩偶、书和包裹的位置与在嵌合面孔测试（CFT）中的注意力方向，来检验注意力假说[哈里斯，L.J.，卡德纳斯，R.A.，小斯普拉德林，M.P.，&阿尔梅里吉，J.B.（2010年）。为什么婴儿被抱在左侧？用玩偶、书和袋子对注意力假说的检验。《偏侧性：身体、大脑和认知的不对称性》，15(5)，548 - 571。doi:10.1080/13576500903064018]。只有玩偶更多地被抱在左侧，而且只有抱玩偶时，抱持位置和CFT分数才相关，左抱者比右抱者表现出更强的左注意力偏好。在当前的研究中，我们用一个玩偶和CFT对男性和女性进行了测试，同时还使用了一个花瓶作为中性物品和一个“非情感性”的嵌合测试。同样，只有玩偶更多地被抱在左侧，但现在，尽管两个嵌合测试都显示出左注意力偏好，但分数与抱持位置无关。也没有性别差异。结果支持了抱持左侧的选择性，但不支持注意力假说，无论是否有情感因素。它们还引发了关于抱持者性别的贡献的问题。我们最后提出了解决这些问题的建议。
